PART B. PREVENTION OF FIRE AND EXPLOSION
Regulation 4. Probability of ignition
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to prevent the ignition of combustible materials
or flammable liquids. For this purpose, the following functional requirements shall
be met:
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.1 means shall be provided to control leaks of flammable liquids;
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.2 means shall be provided to limit the accumulation of flammable vapours;
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.3 the ignitability of combustible materials shall be restricted;
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.4 ignition sources shall be restricted;
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.5 ignition sources shall be separated from combustible materials and flammable liquids;
and
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.6 the atmosphere in cargo tanks shall be maintained out of the explosive range.
2 Arrangements for oil fuel, lubrication oil and other flammable oils
2.1 Limitations in the use of oils as fuel
The following limitations shall apply to the use of oil as fuel:
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.1 except as otherwise permitted by this paragraph, no oil fuel with a flashpoint
of less than 60°C shall be used;
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.2 in emergency generators oil fuel with a flashpoint of not less than 43°C may be
used;
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.3 the use of oil fuel having a flashpoint of less than 60°C but not less than 43°C
may be permitted (e.g., for feeding the emergency fire pump's engines and the auxiliary
machines which are not located in the machinery spaces of category A) subject to the
following:
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.3.1 fuel oil tanks except those arranged in double bottom compartments shall be located
outside of machinery spaces of category A;
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.3.2 provisions for the measurement of oil temperature are provided on the suction
pipe of the oil fuel pump;
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.3.3 stop valves and/or cocks are provided on the inlet side and outlet side of the
oil fuel strainers; and
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.3.4 pipe joints of welded construction or of circular cone type or spherical type
union joint are applied as much as possible; and
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.4 in cargo ships the use of fuel having a lower flashpoint than otherwise specified
in paragraph 2.1, for example crude oil, may be permitted provided that such fuel
is not stored in any machinery space and subject to the approval by the Administration
of the complete installation.
2.2 Arrangements for oil fuel
In a ship in which oil fuel is used, the arrangements for the storage, distribution
and utilization of the oil fuel shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ship
and persons on board and shall at least comply with the following provisions.
2.2.1 Location of oil fuel systems
As far as practicable, parts of the oil fuel system containing heated oil under pressure
exceeding 0.18 N/mm2 shall not be placed in a concealed position such that defects
and leakage cannot readily be observed. The machinery spaces in way of such parts
of the oil fuel system shall be adequately illuminated.
2.2.2 Ventilation of machinery spaces
The ventilation of machinery spaces shall be sufficient under normal conditions to
prevent accumulation of oil vapour.
2.2.3 Oil fuel tanks
2.2.3.1 Fuel oil, lubrication oil and other flammable oils shall not be carried in
forepeak tanks.
2.2.3.2 As far as practicable, oil fuel tanks shall be part of the ship's structure
and shall be located outside machinery spaces of category A. Where oil fuel tanks,
other than double bottom tanks, are necessarily located adjacent to or within machinery
spaces of category A, at least one of their vertical sides shall be contiguous to
the machinery space boundaries, and shall preferably have a common boundary with the
double bottom tanks, and the area of the tank boundary common with the machinery spaces
shall be kept to a minimum. Where such tanks are situated within the boundaries of
machinery spaces of category A they shall not contain oil fuel having a flashpoint
of less than 60°C. In general, the use of free-standing oil fuel tanks shall be avoided.
When such tanks are employed their use shall be prohibited in category A machinery
spaces on passenger ships. Where permitted, they shall be placed in an oil-tight spill
tray of ample size having a suitable drain pipe leading to a suitably sized spill
oil tank.
2.2.3.3 No oil fuel tank shall be situated where spillage or leakage therefrom can
constitute a fire or explosion hazard by falling on heated surfaces.
2.2.3.4 Oil fuel pipes, which, if damaged, would allow oil to escape from a storage,
settling or daily service tank having a capacity of 500 l and above situated above
the double bottom, shall be fitted with a cock or valve directly on the tank capable
of being closed from a safe position outside the space concerned in the event of a
fire occurring in the space in which such tanks are situated. In the special case
of deep tanks situated in any shaft or pipe tunnel or similar space, valves on the
tank shall be fitted, but control in the event of fire may be effected by means of
an additional valve on the pipe or pipes outside the tunnel or similar space. If such
an additional valve is fitted in the machinery space it shall be operated from a position
outside this space. The controls for remote operation of the valve for the emergency
generator fuel tank shall be in a separate location from the controls for remote operation
of other valves for tanks located in machinery spaces.
2.2.3.5 Safe and efficient means of ascertaining the amount of oil fuel contained
in any oil fuel tank shall be provided.
2.2.3.5.1 Where sounding pipes are used, they shall not terminate in any space where
the risk of ignition of spillage from the sounding pipe might arise. In particular,
they shall not terminate in passenger or crew spaces. As a general rule, they shall
not terminate in machinery spaces. However, where the Administration considers that
these latter requirements are impracticable, it may permit termination of sounding
pipes in machinery spaces on condition that all of the following requirements are
met:
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.1 an oil-level gauge is provided meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.2.3.5.2;
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.2 the sounding pipes terminate in locations remote from ignition hazards unless precautions
are taken, such as the fitting of effective screens, to prevent the oil fuel in the
case of spillage through the terminations of the sounding pipes from coming into contact
with a source of ignition; and
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.3 the termination of sounding pipes are fitted with self-closing blanking devices
and with a small-diameter self-closing control cock located below the blanking device
for the purpose of ascertaining before the blanking device is opened that oil fuel
is not present. Provisions shall be made so as to ensure that any spillage of oil
fuel through the control cock involves no ignition hazard.
2.2.3.5.2 Other oil-level gauges may be used in place of sounding pipes subject to
the following conditions:
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.1 in passenger ships, such gauges shall not require penetration below the top of
the tank and their failure or overfilling of the tanks shall not permit release of
fuel; and
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.2 in cargo ships, the failure of such gauges or overfilling of the tank shall not
permit release of fuel into the space. The use of cylindrical gauge glasses is prohibited.
The Administration may permit the use of oil-level gauges with flat glasses and self-closing
valves between the gauges and fuel tanks.
2.2.3.5.3 The means prescribed in paragraph 2.2.3.5.2 which are acceptable to the
Administration shall be maintained in the proper condition to ensure their continued
accurate functioning in service.
2.2.4 Prevention of overpressure
Provisions shall be made to prevent overpressure in any oil tank or in any part of
the oil fuel system, including the filling pipes served by pumps on board. Air and
overflow pipes and relief valves shall discharge to a position where there is no risk
of fire or explosion from the emergence of oils and vapour and shall not lead into
crew spaces, passenger spaces nor into special category spaces, closed ro-ro spaces,
machinery spaces or similar spaces.
2.2.5 Oil fuel piping
2.2.5.1 Oil fuel pipes and their valves and fittings shall be of steel or other approved
material, except that restricted use of flexible pipes shall be permissible in positions
where the Administration is satisfied that they are necessary. Such flexible pipes
and end attachments shall be of approved fire-resisting materials of adequate strength
and shall be constructed to the satisfaction of the Administration. For valves, fitted
to oil fuel tanks and which are under static pressure, steel or spheroidal-graphite
cast iron may be accepted. However, ordinary cast iron valves may be used in piping
systems where the design pressure is lower than 7 bar and the design temperature is
below 60°C.
2.2.5.2 External high-pressure fuel delivery lines between the high-pressure fuel
pumps and fuel injectors shall be protected with a jacketed piping system capable
of containing fuel from a high-pressure line failure. A jacketed pipe incorporates
an outer pipe into which the high-pressure fuel pipe is placed, forming a permanent
assembly. The jacketed piping system shall include a means for collection of leakages
and arrangements shall be provided with an alarm in case of a fuel line failure.
2.2.5.3 Oil fuel lines shall not be located immediately above or near units of high
temperature including boilers, steam pipelines, exhaust manifolds, silencers or other
equipment required to be insulated by paragraph 2.2.6. As far as practicable, oil
fuel lines shall be arranged far apart from hot surfaces, electrical installations
or other sources of ignition and shall be screened or otherwise suitably protected
to avoid oil spray or oil leakage onto the sources of ignition. The number of joints
in such piping systems shall be kept to a minimum.
2.2.5.4 Components of a diesel engine fuel system shall be designed considering the
maximum peak pressure which will be experienced in service, including any high pressure
pulses which are generated and transmitted back into the fuel supply and spill lines
by the action of fuel injection pumps. Connections within the fuel supply and spill
lines shall be constructed having regard to their ability to prevent pressurized oil
fuel leaks while in service and after maintenance.
2.2.5.5 In multi-engine installations which are supplied from the same fuel source,
means of isolating the fuel supply and spill piping to individual engines, shall be
provided. The means of isolation shall not affect the operation of the other engines
and shall be operable from a position not rendered inaccessible by a fire on any of
the engines.
2.2.5.6 Where the Administration may permit the conveying of oil and combustible liquids
through accommodation and service spaces, the pipes conveying oil or combustible liquids
shall be of a material approved by the Administration having regard to the fire risk.
2.2.6 Protection of high temperature surfaces
2.2.6.1 Surfaces with temperatures above 220°C which may be impinged as a result of
a fuel system failure shall be properly insulated.
2.2.6.2 Precautions shall be taken to prevent any oil that may escape under pressure
from any pump, filter or heater from coming into contact with heated surfaces.
2.3 Arrangements for lubricating oil
2.3.1 The arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of oil used in
pressure lubrication systems shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ship and
persons on board. The arrangements made in machinery spaces of category A, and whenever
practicable in other machinery spaces, shall at least comply with the provisions of
paragraphs 2.2.1, 2.2.3.3, 2.2.3.4, 2.2.3.5, 2.2.4, 2.2.5.1, 2.2.5.3 and 2.2.6, except
that:
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.1 this does not preclude the use of sight-flow glasses in lubricating systems provided
that they are shown by testing to have a suitable degree of fire resistance; and
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.2 sounding pipes may be authorized in machinery spaces; however, the requirements
of paragraphs 2.2.3.5.1.1 and 2.2.3.5.1.3 need not be applied on condition that the
sounding pipes are fitted with appropriate means of closure.
2.3.2 The provisions of paragraph 2.2.3.4 shall also apply to lubricating oil tanks
except those having a capacity less than 500 l, storage tanks on which valves are
closed during the normal operation mode of the ship, or where it is determined that
an unintended operation of a quick closing valve on the oil lubricating tank would
endanger the safe operation of the main propulsion and essential auxiliary machinery.
2.4 Arrangements for other flammable oils
The arrangements for the storage, distribution and utilization of other flammable
oils employed under pressure in power transmission systems, control and activating
systems and heating systems shall be such as to ensure the safety of the ship and
persons on board. Suitable oil collecting arrangements for leaks shall be fitted below
hydraulic valves and cylinders. In locations where means of ignition are present,
such arrangements shall at least comply with the provisions of paragraphs 2.2.3.3,
2.2.3.5, 2.2.5.3 and 2.2.6 and with the provisions of paragraphs 2.2.4 and 2.2.5.1
in respect of strength and construction.
2.5 Arrangements for oil fuel in periodically unattended machinery spaces
In addition to the requirements of paragraphs 2.1 to 2.4, the oil fuel and lubricating
oil systems in a periodically unattended machinery space shall comply with the following:
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.1 where daily service oil fuel tanks are filled automatically, or by remote control,
means shall be provided to prevent overflow spillages. Other equipment which treats
flammable liquids automatically (e.g. oil fuel purifiers) which, whenever practicable,
shall be installed in a special space reserved for purifiers and their heaters, shall
have arrangements to prevent overflow spillages; and
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.2 where daily service oil fuel tanks or settling tanks are fitted with heating arrangements,
a high temperature alarm shall be provided if the flashpoint of the oil fuel can be
exceeded.
3 Arrangements for gaseous fuel for domestic purpose
Gaseous fuel systems used for domestic purposes shall be approved by the Administration.
Storage of gas bottles shall be located on the open deck or in a well ventilated space
which opens only to the open deck.
4 Miscellaneous items of ignition sources and ignitability
4.1 Electric radiators
Electric radiators, if used, shall be fixed in position and so constructed as to reduce
fire risks to a minimum. No such radiators shall be fitted with an element so exposed
that clothing, curtains, or other similar materials can be scorched or set on fire
by heat from the element.
4.2 Waste receptacles
Waste receptacles shall be constructed of non-combustible materials with no openings
in the sides or bottom.
4.3 Insulation surfaces protected against oil penetration
In spaces where penetration of oil products is possible, the surface of insulation
shall be impervious to oil or oil vapours.
4.4 Primary deck coverings
Primary deck coverings, if applied within accommodation and service spaces and control
stations, shall be of approved material which will not readily ignite, this being
determined in accordance with the Fire Test Procedures Code.
5 Cargo areas of tankers
5.1 Separation of cargo oil tanks
5.1.1 Cargo pump-rooms, cargo tanks, slop tanks and cofferdams shall be positioned
forward of machinery spaces. However, oil fuel bunker tanks need not be forward of
machinery spaces. Cargo tanks and slop tanks shall be isolated from machinery spaces
by cofferdams, cargo pump-rooms, oil bunker tanks or ballast tanks. Pump-rooms containing
pumps and their accessories for ballasting those spaces situated adjacent to cargo
tanks and slop tanks and pumps for oil fuel transfer, shall be considered as equivalent
to a cargo pump-room within the context of this regulation provided that such pump-rooms
have the same safety standard as that required for cargo pump-rooms. Pump-rooms intended
solely for ballast or oil fuel transfer, however, need not comply with the requirements
of regulation 10.9. The lower portion of the pump-room may be recessed into machinery
spaces of category A to accommodate pumps, provided that the deck head of the recess
is in general not more than one third of the moulded depth above the keel, except
that in the case of ships of not more than 25,000 tonnes deadweight, where it can
be demonstrated that for reasons of access and satisfactory piping arrangements this
is impracticable, the Administration may permit a recess in excess of such height,
but not exceeding one half of the moulded depth above the keel.
5.1.2 Main cargo control stations, control stations, accommodation and service spaces
(excluding isolated cargo handling gear lockers) shall be positioned aft of cargo
tanks, slop tanks, and spaces which isolate cargo or slop tanks from machinery spaces,
but not necessarily aft of the oil fuel bunker tanks and ballast tanks, and shall
be arranged in such a way that a single failure of a deck or bulkhead shall not permit
the entry of gas or fumes from the cargo tanks into an accommodation space, main cargo
control stations, control station, or service spaces. A recess provided in accordance
with paragraph 5.1.1 need not be taken into account when the position of these spaces
is being determined.
5.1.3 However, where deemed necessary, the Administration may permit main cargo control
stations, control stations, accommodation and service spaces forward of the cargo
tanks, slop tanks and spaces which isolate cargo and slop tanks from machinery spaces,
but not necessarily forward of oil fuel bunker tanks or ballast tanks. Machinery spaces,
other than those of category A, may be permitted forward of the cargo tanks and slop
tanks provided they are isolated from the cargo tanks and slop tanks by cofferdams,
cargo pump-rooms, oil fuel bunker tanks or ballast tanks, and have at least one portable
fire extinguisher. In cases where they contain internal combustion machinery, one
approved foam-type extinguisher of at least 45 l capacity or equivalent shall be arranged
in addition to portable fire extinguishers. If operation of a semi-portable fire extinguisher
is impracticable, this fire extinguisher may be replaced by two additional portable
fire extinguishers. Accommodation spaces, main cargo control spaces, control stations
and service spaces shall be arranged in such a way that a single failure of a deck
or bulkhead shall not permit the entry of gas or fumes from the cargo tanks into such
spaces. In addition, where deemed necessary for the safety or navigation of the ship,
the Administration may permit machinery spaces containing internal combustion machinery
not being main propulsion machinery having an output greater than 375 kW to be located
forward of the cargo area provided the arrangements are in accordance with the provisions
of this paragraph.
5.1.4 In combination carriers only:
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.1 The slop tanks shall be surrounded by cofferdams except where the boundaries of
the slop tanks are part of the hull, main cargo deck, cargo pump-room bulkhead or
oil fuel bunker tank. These cofferdams shall not be open to a double bottom, pipe
tunnel, pump-room or other enclosed space, nor shall they be used for cargo or ballast
and shall not be connected to piping systems serving oil cargo or ballast. Means shall
be provided for filling the cofferdams with water and for draining them. Where the
boundary of a slop tank is part of the cargo pump-room bulkhead, the pump-room shall
not be open to the double bottom, pipe tunnel or other enclosed space; however, openings
provided with gastight bolted covers may be permitted;
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.2 Means shall be provided for isolating the piping connecting the pump-room with
the slop tanks referred to in paragraph 5.1.4.1. The means of isolation shall consist
of a valve followed by a spectacle flange or a spool piece with appropriate blank
flanges. This arrangement shall be located adjacent to the slop tanks, but where this
is unreasonable or impracticable, it may be located within the pump-room directly
after the piping penetrates the bulkhead. A separate permanently installed pumping
and piping arrangement incorporating a manifold, provided with a shut-off valve and
a blank flange, shall be provided for discharging the contents of the slop tanks directly
to the open deck for disposal to shore reception facilities when the ship is in the
dry cargo mode. When the transfer system is used for slop transfer in the dry cargo
mode, it shall have no connection to other systems. Separation from other systems
by means of removal of spool pieces may be accepted;
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.3 Hatches and tank cleaning openings to slop tanks shall only be permitted on the
open deck and shall be fitted with closing arrangements. Except where they consist
of bolted plates with bolts at watertight spacing, these closing arrangements shall
be provided with locking arrangements under the control of the responsible ship's
officer; and
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.4 Where cargo wing tanks are provided, cargo oil lines below deck shall be installed
inside these tanks. However, the Administration may permit cargo oil lines to be placed
in special ducts provided they are capable of being adequately cleaned and ventilated
to the satisfaction of the Administration. Where cargo wing tanks are not provided,
cargo oil lines below deck shall be placed in special ducts.
5.1.5 Where the fitting of a navigation position above the cargo area is shown to
be necessary, it shall be for navigation purposes only and it shall be separated from
the cargo tank deck by means of an open space with a height of at least 2 m. The fire
protection requirements for such a navigation position shall be that required for
control stations, as specified in regulation 9.2.4.2 and other provisions for tankers,
as applicable.
5.1.6 Means shall be provided to keep deck spills away from the accommodation and
service areas. This may be accomplished by provision of a permanent continuous coaming
of a height of at least 300 mm, extending from side to side. Special consideration
shall be given to the arrangements associated with stern loading.
5.2 Restriction on boundary openings
5.2.1 Except as permitted in paragraph 5.2.2, access doors, air inlets and openings
to accommodation spaces, service spaces, control stations and machinery spaces shall
not face the cargo area. They shall be located on the transverse bulkhead not facing
the cargo area or on the outboard side of the superstructure or deckhouse at a distance
of at least 4% of the length of the ship but not less than 3 m from the end of the
superstructure or deckhouse facing the cargo area. This distance need not exceed 5
m.
5.2.2 The Administration may permit access doors in boundary bulkheads facing the
cargo area or within the 5 m limits specified in paragraph 5.2.1, to main cargo control
stations and to such service spaces used as provision rooms, store-rooms and lockers,
provided they do not give access directly or indirectly to any other space containing
or providing for accommodation, control stations or service spaces such as galleys,
pantries or workshops, or similar spaces containing sources of vapour ignition. The
boundary of such a space shall be insulated to “A-60" standard, with the exception
of the boundary facing the cargo area. Bolted plates for the removal of machinery
may be fitted within the limits specified in paragraph 5.2.1. Wheelhouse doors and
windows may be located within the limits specified in paragraph 5.2.1 so long as they
are designed to ensure that the wheelhouse can be made rapidly and efficiently gas
and vapour tight.
5.2.3 Windows and sidescuttles facing the cargo area and on the sides of the superstructures
and deckhouses within the limits specified in paragraph 5.2.1 shall be of the fixed
(non-opening) type. Such windows and sidescuttles, except wheelhouse windows, shall
be constructed to “A-60" class standard.
5.2.4 Where there is permanent access from a pipe tunnel to the main pump-room, a
watertight door shall be fitted complying with the requirements of regulation II-1/25-9.2
and, in addition, with the following:
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.1 in addition to the bridge operation, the watertight door shall be capable of being
manually closed from outside the main pump-room entrance; and
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.2 the watertight door shall be kept closed during normal operations of the ship except
when access to the pipe tunnel is required.
5.2.5 Permanent approved gastight lighting enclosures for illuminating cargo pump-rooms
may be permitted in bulkheads and decks separating cargo pump-rooms and other spaces
provided they are of adequate strength and the integrity and gastightness of the bulkhead
or deck is maintained.
5.2.6 The arrangement of ventilation inlets and outlets and other deck-house and superstructure
boundary space openings shall be such as to complement the provisions of paragraph
5.3 and regulation 11.6. Such vents, especially for machinery spaces, shall be situated
as far aft as practicable. Due consideration in this regard shall be given when the
ship is equipped to load or discharge at the stern. Sources of ignition such as electrical
equipment shall be so arranged as to avoid an explosion hazard.
5.3 Cargo tank venting
5.3.1 General requirements
The venting systems of cargo tanks are to be entirely distinct from the air pipes
of the other compartments of the ship. The arrangements and position of openings in
the cargo tank deck from which emission of flammable vapours can occur shall be such
as to minimize the possibility of flammable vapours being admitted to enclosed spaces
containing a source of ignition, or collecting in the vicinity of deck machinery and
equipment which may constitute an ignition hazard. In accordance with this general
principle, the criteria in paragraphs 5.3.2 to 5.3.5 and regulation 11.6 will apply.
5.3.2 Venting arrangements
5.3.2.1 The venting arrangements in each cargo tank may be independent or combined
with other cargo tanks and may be incorporated into the inert gas piping.
5.3.2.2 Where the arrangements are combined with other cargo tanks, either stop valves
or other acceptable means shall be provided to isolate each cargo tank. Where stop
valves are fitted, they shall be provided with locking arrangements which shall be
under the control of the responsible ship's officer. There shall be a clear visual
indication of the operational status of the valves or other acceptable means. Where
tanks have been isolated, it shall be ensured that relevant isolating valves are opened
before cargo loading or ballasting or discharging of those tanks is commenced. Any
isolation must continue to permit the flow caused by thermal variations in a cargo
tank in accordance with Regulation 11.6.1.1.
5.3.2.3 If cargo loading and ballasting or discharging of a cargo tank or cargo tank
group is intended, which is isolated from a common venting system, that cargo tank
or cargo tank group shall be fitted with a means for over-pressure or under-pressure
protection as required in regulation 11.6.3.2.
5.3.2.4 The venting arrangements shall be connected to the top of each cargo tank
and shall be self-draining to the cargo tanks under all normal conditions of trim
and list of the ship. Where it may not be possible to provide self-draining lines,
permanent arrangements shall be provided to drain the vent lines to a cargo tank.
5.3.3 Safety devices in venting systems
The venting system shall be provided with devices to prevent the passage of flame
into the cargo tanks. The design, testing and locating of these devices shall comply
with the requirements established by the Administration based on the guidelines developed
by the Organization. Ullage openings shall not be used for pressure equalization.
They shall be provided with self-closing and tightly sealing covers. Flame arresters
and screens are not permitted in these openings.
5.3.4 Vent outlets for cargo handling and ballasting
5.3.4.1 Vent outlets for cargo loading, discharging and ballasting required by Regulation
11.6.1.2 shall:
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.1.1 permit the free flow of vapour mixtures; or
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.1.2 permit the throttling of the discharge of the vapour mixtures to achieve a velocity
of not less than 30 m/s;
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.2 be so arranged that the vapour mixture is discharged vertically upwards;
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.3 where the method is by free flow of vapour mixtures, be such that the outlet shall
be not less than 6 m above the cargo tank deck or fore and aft gangway if situated
within 4 m of the gangway and located not less than 10 m measured horizontally from
the nearest air intakes and openings to enclosed spaces containing a source of ignition
and from deck machinery, which may include anchor windlass and chain locker openings,
and equipment which may constitute an ignition hazard; and
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.4 where the method is by high-velocity discharge, be located at a height not less
than 2 m above the cargo tank deck and not less than 10 m measured horizontally from
the nearest air intakes and openings to enclosed spaces containing a source of ignition
and from deck machinery, which may include anchor windlass and chain locker openings,
and equipment which may constitute an ignition hazard. These outlets shall be provided
with high velocity devices of an approved type.
5.3.4.2 The arrangements for the venting of vapours displaced from the cargo tanks
during loading and ballasting shall comply with paragraph 5.3 and regulation 11.6
and shall consist of either one or more mast risers, or a number of high-velocity
vents. The inert gas supply main may be used for such venting.
5.3.5 Isolation of slop tanks in combination carriers
In combination carriers, the arrangements for isolating slop tanks containing oil
or oil residues from other cargo tanks shall consist of blank flanges which will remain
in position at all times when cargoes other than liquid cargoes referred to in regulation
1.6.1 are carried.
5.4 Ventilation
5.4.1 Ventilation systems in cargo pump-rooms
Cargo pump-rooms shall be mechanically ventilated and discharges from the exhaust
fans shall be led to a safe place on the open deck. The ventilation of these rooms
shall have sufficient capacity to minimize the possibility of accumulation of flammable
vapours. The number of air changes shall be at least 20 per hour, based upon the gross
volume of the space. The air ducts shall be arranged so that all of the space is effectively
ventilated. The ventilation shall be of the suction type using fans of the non-sparking
type.
5.4.2 Ventilation systems in combination carriers
In combination carriers, cargo spaces and any enclosed spaces adjacent to cargo spaces
shall be capable of being mechanically ventilated. The mechanical ventilation may
be provided by portable fans. An approved fixed gas warning system capable of monitoring
flammable vapours shall be provided in cargo pump-rooms, pipe ducts and cofferdams,
as referred to in paragraph 5.1.4, adjacent to slop tanks. Suitable arrangements shall
be made to facilitate measurement of flammable vapours in all other spaces within
the cargo area. Such measurements shall be made possible from the open deck or easily
accessible positions.
5.5 Inert gas systems
5.5.1 Application
5.5.1.1 For tankers of 20,000 tonnes deadweight and upwards, the protection of the
cargo tanks shall be achieved by a fixed inert gas system in accordance with the requirements
of the Fire Safety Systems Code, except that, in lieu of the above, the Administration,
after having given consideration to the ship's arrangement and equipment, may accept
other fixed installations if they afford protection equivalent to the above, in accordance
with regulation I/5. The requirements for alternative fixed installations shall comply
with the requirements in paragraph 5.5.4.
5.5.1.2 Tankers operating with a cargo tank cleaning procedure using crude oil washing
shall be fitted with an inert gas system complying with the Fire Safety Systems Code
and with fixed tank washing machines.
5.5.1.3 Tankers required to be fitted with inert gas systems shall comply with the
following provisions:
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.1 double hull spaces shall be fitted with suitable connections for the supply of
inert gas;
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.2 where hull spaces are connected to a permanently fitted inert gas distribution
system, means shall be provided to prevent hydrocarbon gases from the cargo tanks
entering the double hull spaces through the system; and
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.3 where such spaces are not permanently connected to an inert gas distribution system,
appropriate means shall be provided to allow connection to the inert gas main.
5.5.2 Inert gas systems of chemical tankers and gas carriers
The requirements for inert gas systems contained in the Fire Safety Systems Code need
not be applied to:
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.1 chemical tankers and gas carriers when carrying cargoes described in Regulation
1.6.1, provided that they comply with the requirements for inert gas systems on chemical
tankers established by the Administration, based on the guidelines developed by the
Organization; or
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.2 chemical tankers and gas carriers when carrying flammable cargoes other than crude
oil or petroleum products such as cargoes listed in chapters 17 and 18 of the International
Bulk Chemical Code, provided that the capacity of tanks used for their carriage does
not exceed 3,000 m3 and the individual nozzle capacities of tank washing machines
do not exceed 17.5 m3 /h and the total combined throughput from the number of machines
in use in a cargo tank at any one time does not exceed 110 m3/h.
5.5.3 General requirements for inert gas systems
5.5.3.1 The inert gas system shall be capable of inerting, purging and gas-freeing
empty tanks and maintaining the atmosphere in cargo tanks with the required oxygen
content.
5.5.3.2 The inert gas system referred to in paragraph 5.5.3.1 shall be designed, constructed
and tested in accordance with the Fire Safety Systems Code.
5.5.3.3 Tankers fitted with a fixed inert gas system shall be provided with a closed
ullage system.
5.5.4 Requirements for equivalent systems
5.5.4.1 Where an installation equivalent to a fixed inert gas system is installed,
it shall:
-
.1 be capable of preventing dangerous accumulations of explosive mixtures in intact
cargo tanks during normal service throughout the ballast voyage and necessary in-tank
operations; and
-
.2 be so designed as to minimize the risk of ignition from the generation of static
electricity by the system itself.
5.6 Inerting, purging and gas-freeing
5.6.1 Arrangements for purging and/or gas-freeing shall be such as to minimize the
hazards due to dispersal of flammable vapours in the atmosphere and to flammable mixtures
in a cargo tank.
5.6.2 The procedure for cargo tank purging and/or gas-freeing shall be carried out
in accordance with regulation 16.3.2.
5.6.3 The arrangements for inerting, purging or gas-freeing of empty tanks as required
in paragraph 5.5.3.1 shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration and shall
be such that the accumulation of hydrocarbon vapours in pockets formed by the internal
structural members in a tank is minimized and that:
-
.1 on individual cargo tanks, the gas outlet pipe, if fitted, shall be positioned
as far as practicable from the inert gas/air inlet and in accordance with paragraph
5.3 and regulation 11.6. The inlet of such outlet pipes may be located either at deck
level or at not more than 1 m above the bottom of the tank;
-
.2 the cross-sectional area of such gas outlet pipe referred to in paragraph 5.6.3.1
shall be such that an exit velocity of at least 20 m/s can be maintained when any
three tanks are being simultaneously supplied with inert gas. Their outlets shall
extend not less than 2 m above deck level; and
-
.3 each gas outlet referred to in paragraph 5.6.3.2 shall be fitted with suitable
blanking arrangements.
5.7 Gas measurement
5.7.1 Portable instrument
Tankers shall be equipped with at least one portable instrument for measuring flammable
vapour concentrations, together with a sufficient set of spares. Suitable means shall
be provided for the calibration of such instruments.
5.7.2 Arrangements for gas measurement in double hull and double bottom spaces
5.7.2.1 Suitable portable instruments for measuring oxygen and flammable vapour concentrations
shall be provided. In selecting these instruments, due attention shall be given to
their use in combination with the fixed gas-sampling-line systems referred to in paragraph
5.7.2.2.
5.7.2.2 Where the atmosphere in double hull spaces cannot be reliably measured using
flexible gas sampling hoses, such spaces shall be fitted with permanent gas sampling
lines. The configuration of gas sampling lines shall be adapted to the design of such
spaces.
5.7.2.3 The materials of construction and the dimensions of gas sampling lines shall
be such as to prevent restriction. Where plastic materials are used, they shall be
electrically conductive.
5.8 Air supply to double hull and double bottom spaces
Double hull and double bottom spaces shall be fitted with suitable connections for
the supply of air.
5.9 Protection of cargo area
Drip pans for collecting cargo residues in cargo lines and hoses shall be provided
in the area of pipe and hose connections under the manifold area. Cargo hoses and
tank washing hoses shall have electrical continuity over their entire lengths including
couplings and flanges (except shore connections) and shall be earthed for removal
of electrostatic charges.
5.10 Protection of cargo pump-rooms
5.10.1 In tankers:
-
.1 cargo pumps, ballast pumps and stripping pumps, installed in cargo pumprooms and
driven by shafts passing through pump-room bulkheads shall be fitted with temperature
sensing devices for bulkhead shaft glands, bearings and pump casings. A continuous
audible and visual alarm signal shall be automatically effected in the cargo control
room or the pump control station;
-
.2 lighting in cargo pump-rooms, except emergency lighting, shall be interlocked with
ventilation such that the ventilation shall be in operation when switching on the
lighting. Failure of the ventilation system shall not cause the lighting to go out;
-
.3 a system for continuous monitoring of the concentration of hydrocarbon gases shall
be fitted. Sampling points or detector heads shall be located in suitable positions
in order that potentially dangerous leakages are readily detected. When the hydrocarbon
gas concentration reaches a pre-set level which shall not be higher than 10% of the
lower flammable limit, a continuous audible and visual alarm signal shall be automatically
effected in the pump-room, engine control room, cargo control room and navigation
bridge to alert personnel to the potential hazard; and
-
.4 all pump-rooms shall be provided with bilge level monitoring devices together with
appropriately located alarms.
Regulation 5. Fire growth potential
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to limit the fire growth potential in every space
of the ship.
For this purpose, the following functional requirements shall be met:
-
.1 means of control for the air supply to the space shall be provided;
-
.2 means of control for flammable liquids in the space shall be provided; and
-
.3 the use of combustible materials shall be restricted.
2. Control of air supply and flammable liquid to the space
2.1 Closing appliances and stopping devices of ventilation
2.1.1 The main inlets and outlets of all ventilation systems shall be capable of being
closed from outside the spaces being ventilated. The means of closing shall be easily
accessible as well as prominently and permanently marked and shall indicate whether
the shut-off is open or closed.
2.1.2 Power ventilation of accommodation spaces, service spaces, cargo spaces, control
stations and machinery spaces shall be capable of being stopped from an easily accessible
position outside the space being served. This position shall not be readily cut off
in the event of a fire in the spaces served.
2.1.3 In passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers, power ventilation, except
machinery space and cargo space ventilation and any alternative system which may be
required under regulation 8.2, shall be fitted with controls so grouped that all fans
may be stopped from either of two separate positions which shall be situated as far
apart as practicable. Fans serving power ventilation systems to cargo spaces shall
be capable of being stopped from a safe position outside such spaces.
2.2 Means of control in machinery spaces
2.2.1 Means of control shall be provided for opening and closure of skylights, closure
of openings in funnels which normally allow exhaust ventilation and closure of ventilator
dampers.
2.2.2 Means of control shall be provided for stopping ventilating fans. Controls provided
for the power ventilation serving machinery spaces shall be grouped so as to be operable
from two positions, one of which shall be outside such spaces. The means provided
for stopping the power ventilation of the machinery spaces shall be entirely separate
from the means provided for stopping ventilation of other spaces.
2.2.3 Means of control shall be provided for stopping forced and induced draught fans,
oil fuel transfer pumps, oil fuel unit pumps, lubricating oil service pumps, thermal
oil circulating pumps and oil separators (purifiers). However, paragraphs 2.2.4 and
2.2.5 need not apply to oily water separators.
2.2.4 The controls required in paragraphs 2.2.1 to 2.2.3 and in regulation 4.2.2.3.4
shall be located outside the space concerned so they will not be cut off in the event
of fire in the space they serve.
2.2.5 In passenger ships, the controls required in paragraphs 2.2.1 to 2.2.4 and in
Regulations 8.3.3 and 9.5.2.3 and the controls for any required fire-extinguishing
system shall be situated at one control position or grouped in as few positions as
possible to the satisfaction of the Administration. Such positions shall have a safe
access from the open deck.
2.3 Additional requirements for means of control in periodically unattended machinery
spaces
2.3.1 For periodically unattended machinery spaces, the Administration shall give
special consideration to maintaining the fire integrity of the machinery spaces, the
location and centralization of the fire-extinguishing system controls, the required
shutdown arrangements (e.g. ventilation, fuel pumps, etc.) and that additional fire-extinguishing
appliances and other fire-fighting equipment and breathing apparatus may be required.
2.3.2 In passenger ships, these requirements shall be at least equivalent to those
of machinery spaces normally attended.
3 Fire protection materials
3.1 Use of non-combustible materials
3.1.1 Insulating materials
Insulating materials shall be non-combustible, except in cargo spaces, mail rooms,
baggage rooms and refrigerated compartments of service spaces. Vapour barriers and
adhesives used in conjunction with insulation, as well as the insulation of pipe fittings
for cold service systems, need not be of non-combustible materials, but they shall
be kept to the minimum quantity practicable and their exposed surfaces shall have
low flame-spread characteristics.
3.1.2 Ceilings and linings
3.1.2.1 In passenger ships, except in cargo spaces, all linings, grounds, draught
stops and ceilings shall be of non-combustible material except in mail rooms, baggage
rooms, saunas or refrigerated compartments of service spaces. Partial bulkheads or
decks used to subdivide a space for utility or artistic treatment shall also be of
non-combustible materials.
3.1.2.2 In cargo ships, all linings, ceilings, draught stops and their associated
grounds shall be of non-combustible materials in the following spaces:
-
.1 in accommodation and service spaces and control stations for ships where Method
IC is specified as referred to in regulation 9.2.3.1; and
-
.2 in corridors and stairway enclosures serving accommodation and service spaces and
control stations for ships where Method IIC and IIIC are specified as referred to
in regulation 9.2.3.1.
3.2 Use of combustible materials
3.2.1 General
3.2.1.1 In passenger ships, “A”, “B” or “C” class divisions in accommodation and services
spaces which are faced with combustible materials, facings, mouldings, decorations
and veneers shall comply with the provisions of paragraphs 3.2.2 to 3.2.4 and regulation
6. However, traditional wooden benches and wooden linings on bulkheads and ceilings
are permitted in saunas and such materials need not be subject to the calculations
prescribed in paragraphs 3.2.2 and 3.2.3.
3.2.1.2 In cargo ships, non-combustible bulkheads, ceilings and linings fitted in
accommodation and service spaces may be faced with combustible materials, facings,
mouldings, decorations and veneers provided such spaces are bounded by non-combustible
bulkheads, ceilings and linings in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs 3.2.2
to 3.2.4 and regulation 6.
3.2.2 Maximum calorific value of combustible materials
Combustible materials used on the surfaces and linings specified in paragraph 3.2.1
shall have a calorific value not exceeding 45 MJ/m2 of the area for the thickness used. The requirements of this paragraph are not applicable
to the surfaces of furniture fixed to linings or bulkheads.
3.2.3 Total volume of combustible materials
Where combustible materials are used in accordance with paragraph 3.2.1, they shall
comply with the following requirements:
-
.1 The total volume of combustible facings, mouldings, decorations and veneers in
accommodation and service spaces shall not exceed a volume equivalent to 2.5 mm veneer
on the combined area of the walls and ceiling linings. Furniture fixed to linings,
bulkheads or decks need not be included in the calculation of the total volume of
combustible materials; and
-
.2 In the case of ships fitted with an automatic sprinkler system complying with the
provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code, the above volume may include some combustible
material used for erection of “C” class divisions.
3.2.4 Low flame-spread characteristics of exposed surfaces
The following surfaces shall have low flame-spread characteristics in accordance with
the Fire Test Procedures Code:
3.2.4.1 In passenger ships:
-
.1 exposed surfaces in corridors and stairway enclosures and of bulkhead and ceiling
linings in accommodation and service spaces (except saunas) and control stations;
and
-
.2 surfaces and grounds in concealed or inaccessible spaces in accommodation and service
spaces and control stations.
3.2.4.2 In cargo ships:
-
.1 exposed surfaces in corridors and stairway enclosures and of ceilings in accommodation
and service spaces (except saunas) and control stations; and
-
.2 surfaces and grounds in concealed or inaccessible spaces in accommodation and service
spaces and control stations.
3.3 Furniture in stairway enclosures of passenger ships
Furniture in stairway enclosures shall be limited to seating. It shall be fixed, limited
to six seats on each deck in each stairway enclosure, be of restricted fire risk determined
in accordance with the Fire Test Procedure Code, and shall not restrict the passenger
escape route. The Administration may permit additional seating in the main reception
area within a stairway enclosure if it is fixed, non-combustible and does not restrict
the passenger escape route. Furniture shall not be permitted in passenger and crew
corridors forming escape routes in cabin areas. In addition to the above, lockers
of non-combustible material, providing storage for non-hazardous safety equipment
required by these regulations, may be permitted. Drinking water dispensers and ice
cube machines may be permitted in corridors provided they are fixed and do not restrict
the width of the escape routes. This applies as well to decorative flower or plant
arrangements, statues or other objects of art such as paintings and tapestries in
corridors and stairways.
Regulation 6. Smoke generation potential and toxicity
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to reduce the hazard to life from smoke and toxic
products generated during a fire in spaces where persons normally work or live. For
this purpose, the quantity of smoke and toxic products released from combustible materials,
including surface finishes, during fire shall be limited.
2. Paints, varnishes and other finishes
Paints, varnishes and other finishes used on exposed interior surfaces shall not be
capable of producing excessive quantities of smoke and toxic products, this being
determined in accordance with the Fire Test Procedures Code.
3 Primary deck coverings
Primary deck coverings, if applied within accommodation and service spaces and control
stations, shall be of approved material which will not give rise to smoke or toxic
or explosive hazards at elevated temperatures, this being determined in accordance
with the Fire Test Procedures Code.
PART C. SUPPRESSION OF FIRE
Regulation 7. Detection and alarm
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to detect a fire in the space of origin and to provide
for alarm for safe escape and fire-fighting activity. For this purpose, the following
functional requirements shall be met:
-
.1 fixed fire detection and fire alarm system installations shall be suitable for
the nature of the space, fire growth potential and potential generation of smoke and
gases;
-
.2 manually operated call points shall be placed effectively to ensure a readily accessible
means of notification; and
-
.3 fire patrols shall provide an effective means of detecting and locating fires and
alerting the navigation bridge and fire teams.
2. General requirements
2.1 A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system shall be provided in accordance with
the provisions of this regulation.
2.2 A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system and a sample extraction smoke detection
system required in this regulation and other regulations in this part shall be of
an approved type and comply with the Fire Safety Systems Code.
2.3 Where a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system is required for the protection
of spaces other than those specified in paragraph 5.1, at least one detector complying
with the Fire Safety Systems Code shall be installed in each such space.
3 Initial and periodical tests
3.1 The function of fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems required by the relevant
regulations of this chapter shall be tested under varying conditions of ventilation
after installation.
3.2 The function of fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems shall be periodically
tested to the satisfaction of the Administration by means of equipment producing hot
air at the appropriate temperature, or smoke or aerosol particles having the appropriate
range of density or particle size, or other phenomena associated with incipient fires
to which the detector is designed to respond.
4 Protection of machinery spaces
4.1 Installation
A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system shall be installed in:
-
.1 periodically unattended machinery spaces; and
-
.2 machinery spaces where:
-
.2.1 the installation of automatic and remote control systems and equipment has been
approved in lieu of continuous manning of the space; and
-
.2.2 the main propulsion and associated machinery including sources of the main sources
of electrical power are provided with various degrees of automatic or remote control
and are under continuous manned supervision from a control room.
4.2 Design
The fixed fire detection and fire alarm system required in paragraph 4.1.1 shall be
so designed and the detectors so positioned as to detect rapidly the onset of fire
in any part of those spaces and under any normal conditions of operation of the machinery
and variations of ventilation as required by the possible range of ambient temperatures.
Except in spaces of restricted height and where their use is specially appropriate,
detection systems using only thermal detectors shall not be permitted. The detection
system shall initiate audible and visual alarms distinct in both respects from the
alarms of any other system not indicating fire, in sufficient places to ensure that
the alarms are heard and observed on the navigating bridge and by a responsible engineer
officer. When the navigating bridge is unmanned the alarm shall sound in a place where
a responsible member of the crew is on duty.
5 Protection of accommodation and service spaces and control stations
5.1 Smoke detectors in accommodation spaces
Smoke detectors shall be installed in all stairways, corridors and escape routes within
accommodation spaces as provided in paragraphs 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4. Consideration shall
be given to the installation of special purpose smoke detectors within ventilation
ducting.
5.2 Requirements for passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers
A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system shall be installed and arranged as to
provide smoke detection in service spaces, control stations and accommodation spaces,
including corridors, stairways and escape routes within accommodation spaces. Smoke
detectors need not be fitted in private bathrooms and galleys. Spaces having little
or no fire risk such as voids, public toilets, carbon dioxide rooms and similar spaces
need not be fitted with a fixed fire detection and alarm system.
5.3 Requirements for passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers
There shall be installed throughout each separate zone, whether vertical or horizontal,
in all accommodation and service spaces and, where it is considered necessary by the
Administration, in control stations, except spaces which afford no substantial fire
risk such as void spaces, sanitary spaces, etc., either:
-
.1 a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system so installed and arranged as to detect
the presence of fire in such spaces and providing smoke detection in corridors, stairways
and escape routes within accommodation spaces; or
-
.2 an automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm system of an approved type
complying with the relevant requirements of the Fire Safety Systems Code and so installed
and arranged as to protect such spaces and, in addition, a fixed fire detection and
fire alarm system and so installed and arranged as to provide smoke detection in corridors,
stairways and escape routes within accommodation spaces.
5.4 Protection of atriums in passenger ships
The entire main vertical zone containing the atrium shall be protected throughout
with a smoke detection system.
5.5 Cargo ships
Accommodation and service spaces and control stations of cargo ships shall be protected
by a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system and/or an automatic sprinkler, fire
detection and fire alarm system as follows depending on a protection method adopted
in accordance with Regulation 9.2.3.1.
5.5.1 Method IC
A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system shall be so installed and arranged as
to provide smoke detection in all corridors, stairways and escape routes within accommodation
spaces.
5.5.2 Method IIC
An automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm system of an approved type complying
with the relevant requirements of the Fire Safety Systems Code shall be so installed
and arranged as to protect accommodation spaces, galleys and other service spaces,
except spaces which afford no substantial fire risk such as void spaces, sanitary
spaces, etc. In addition, a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system shall be so
installed and arranged as to provide smoke detection in all corridors, stairways and
escape routes within accommodation spaces.
5.5.3 Method IIIC
A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system shall be so installed and arranged as
to detect the presence of fire in all accommodation spaces and service spaces providing
smoke detection in corridors, stairways and escape routes within accommodation spaces,
except spaces which afford no substantial fire risk such as void spaces, sanitary
spaces, etc. In addition, a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system shall be so
installed and arranged as to provide smoke detection in all corridors, stairways and
escape routes within accommodation spaces.
6 Protection of cargo spaces in passenger ships
A fixed fire detection and fire alarm system or a sample extraction smoke detection
system shall be provided in any cargo space which, in the opinion of the Administration,
is not accessible, except where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Administration
that the ship is engaged on voyages of such short duration that it would be unreasonable
to apply this requirement.
7 Manually operated call points
Manually operated call points complying with the Fire Safety Systems Code shall be
installed throughout the accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations.
One manually operated call point shall be located at each exit. Manually operated
call points shall be readily accessible in the corridors of each deck such that no
part of the corridor is more than 20 m from a manually operated call point.
8 Fire patrols in passenger ships
8.1 Fire patrols
For ships carrying more than 36 passengers an efficient patrol system shall be maintained
so that an outbreak of fire may be promptly detected. Each member of the fire patrol
shall be trained to be familiar with the arrangements of the ship as well as the location
and operation of any equipment he may be called upon to use.
8.2 Inspection hatches
The construction of ceiling and bulkheads shall be such that it will be possible,
without impairing the efficiency of the fire protection, for the fire patrols to detect
any smoke originating in concealed and inaccessible places, except where in the opinion
of the Administration there is no risk of fire originating in such places.
8.3 Two-way portable radiotelephone apparatus
Each member of the fire patrol shall be provided with a two-way portable radiotelephone
apparatus.
9 Fire alarm signalling systems in passenger ships
9.1 Passenger ships shall at all times when at sea, or in port (except when out of
service), be so manned or equipped as to ensure that any initial fire alarm is immediately
received by a responsible member of the crew.
9.2 The control panel of fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems shall be designed
on the fail-safe principle (e.g. an open detector circuit shall cause an alarm condition).
9.3 Passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers shall have the fire detection
alarms for the systems required by paragraph 5.2 centralized in a continuously manned
central control station. In addition, controls for remote closing of the fire doors
and shutting down the ventilation fans shall be centralized in the same location.
The ventilation fans shall be capable of reactivation by the crew at the continuously
manned control station. The control panels in the central control station shall be
capable of indicating open or closed positions of fire doors and closed or off status
of the detectors, alarms and fans. The control panel shall be continuously powered
and shall have an automatic change-over to standby power supply in case of loss of
normal power supply. The control panel shall be powered from the main source of electrical
power and the emergency source of electrical power defined by regulation II-1/42 unless
other arrangements are permitted by the regulations, as applicable.
9.4 A special alarm, operated from the navigation bridge or fire control station,
shall be fitted to summon the crew. This alarm may be part of the ship's general alarm
system and shall be capable of being sounded independently of the alarm to the passenger
spaces.
Regulation 8. Control of smoke spread
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to control the spread of smoke in order to minimize
the hazards from smoke. For this purpose, means for controlling smoke in atriums,
control stations, machinery spaces and concealed spaces shall be provided.
2. Protection of control stations outside machinery spaces
Practicable measures shall be taken for control stations outside machinery spaces
in order to ensure that ventilation, visibility and freedom from smoke are maintained
so that, in the event of fire, the machinery and equipment contained therein may be
supervised and continue to function effectively. Alternative and separate means of
air supply shall be provided and air inlets of the two sources of supply shall be
so disposed that the risk of both inlets drawing in smoke simultaneously is minimized.
At the discretion of the Administration, such requirements need not apply to control
stations situated on, and opening on to, an open deck or where local closing arrangements
would be equally effective.
3 Release of smoke from machinery spaces
3.1 The provisions of this paragraph shall apply to machinery spaces of category A
and, where the Administration considers desirable, to other machinery spaces.
3.2 Suitable arrangements shall be made to permit the release of smoke, in the event
of fire, from the space to be protected, subject to the provisions of regulation 9.5.2.1
The normal ventilation systems may be acceptable for this purpose.
3.3 Means of control shall be provided for permitting the release of smoke and such
controls shall be located outside the space concerned so that, in the event of fire,
they will not be cut off from the space they serve.
3.4 In passenger ships, the controls required by paragraph 3.3 shall be situated at
one control position or grouped in as few positions as possible to the satisfaction
of the Administration. Such positions shall have a safe access from the open deck.
4 Draught stops
Air spaces enclosed behind ceilings, panelling or linings shall be divided by close-fitting
draught stops spaced not more than 14 m apart. In the vertical direction, such enclosed
air spaces, including those behind linings of stairways, trunks, etc., shall be closed
at each deck.
5 Smoke extraction systems in atriums of passenger ships
Atriums shall be equipped with a smoke extraction system. The smoke extraction system
shall be activated by the required smoke detection system and be capable of manual
control. The fans shall be sized such that the entire volume within space can be exhausted
in 10 min or less.
Regulation 9. Containment of fire
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to contain a fire in the space of origin. For this
purpose, the following functional requirements shall be met:
-
.1 the ship shall be subdivided by thermal and structural boundaries;
-
.2 thermal insulation of boundaries shall have due regard to the fire risk of the
space and adjacent spaces; and
-
.3 the fire integrity of the divisions shall be maintained at openings and penetrations.
2. Thermal and structural boundaries
2.1 Thermal and structural subdivision
Ships of all types shall be subdivided into spaces by thermal and structural divisions
having regard to the fire risks of the space.
2.2 Passenger ships
2.2.1 Main vertical zones and horizontal zones
2.2.1.1.1 In ships carrying more than 36 passengers, the hull, superstructure and
deckhouses shall be subdivided into main vertical zones by “A-60” class divisions.
Steps and recesses shall be kept to a minimum, but where they are necessary they shall
also be “A-60” class divisions. Where a category (5), (9) or (10) space defined in
paragraph 2.2.3.2.2 is on one side or where fuel oil tanks are on both sides of the
division the standard may be reduced to “A-0”.
2.2.1.1.2 In ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, the hull, superstructure
and deckhouses in way of accommodation and service spaces shall be subdivided into
main vertical zones by “A” class divisions. These divisions shall have insulation
values in accordance with tables in paragraph 2.2.4.
2.2.1.2 As far as practicable, the bulkheads forming the boundaries of the main vertical
zones above the bulkhead deck shall be in line with watertight subdivision bulkheads
situated immediately below the bulkhead deck. The length and width of main vertical
zones may be extended to a maximum of 48 m in order to bring the ends of main vertical
zones to coincide with watertight subdivision bulkheads or in order to accommodate
a large public space extending for the whole length of the main vertical zone provided
that the total area of the main vertical zone is not greater than 1,600 m2 on any deck. The length or width of a main vertical zone is the maximum distance
between the furthermost points of the bulkheads bounding it.
2.2.1.3 Such bulkheads shall extend from deck to deck and to the shell or other boundaries.
2.2.1.4 Where a main vertical zone is subdivided by horizontal “A” class divisions
into horizontal zones for the purpose of providing an appropriate barrier between
a zone with sprinklers and a zone without sprinklers, the divisions shall extend between
adjacent main vertical zone bulkheads and to the shell or exterior boundaries of the
ship and shall be insulated in accordance with the fire insulation and integrity values
given in table 9.4.
2.2.1.5.1 On ships designed for special purposes, such as automobile or railroad car
ferries, where the provision of main vertical zone bulkheads would defeat the purpose
for which the ship is intended, equivalent means for controlling and limiting a fire
shall be substituted and specifically approved by the Administration. Service spaces
and ship stores shall not be located on ro-ro decks unless protected in accordance
with the applicable regulations.
2.2.1.5.2 However, in a ship with special category spaces, such spaces shall comply
with the applicable provisions of regulation 20 and where such compliance would be
inconsistent with other requirements for passenger ships specified in this chapter,
the requirements of regulation 20 shall prevail.
2.2.2 Bulkheads within a main vertical zone
2.2.2.1 For ships carrying more than 36 passengers, bulkheads which are not required
to be “A” class divisions shall be at least “B” class or “C” class divisions as prescribed
in the tables in paragraph 2.2.3.
2.2.2.2 For ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, bulkheads within accommodation
and service spaces which are not required to be “A” class divisions shall be at least
“B” class or “C” class divisions as prescribed in the tables in paragraph 2.2.4. In
addition, corridor bulkheads, where not required to be “A” class, shall be “B” class
divisions which shall extend from deck to deck except:
-
.1 when continuous “B” class ceilings or linings are fitted on both sides of the bulkhead,
the portion of the bulkhead behind the continuous ceiling or lining shall be of material
which, in thickness and composition, is acceptable in the construction of “B” class
divisions, but which shall be required to meet “B” class integrity standards only
in so far as is reasonable and practicable in the opinion of the Administration; and
-
.2 in the case of a ship protected by an automatic sprinkler system complying with
the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code, the corridor bulkheads may terminate
at a ceiling in the corridor provided such bulkheads and ceilings are of “B” class
standard in compliance with paragraph 2.2.4. All doors and frames in such bulkheads
shall be of non-combustible materials and shall have the same fire integrity as the
bulkhead in which they are fitted.
2.2.2.3 Bulkheads required to be “B” class divisions, except corridor bulkheads as
prescribed in paragraph 2.2.2.2, shall extend from deck to deck and to the shell or
other boundaries. However, where a continuous “B” class ceiling or lining is fitted
on both sides of a bulkhead which is at least of the same fire resistance as the adjoining
bulkhead, the bulkhead may terminate at the continuous ceiling or lining.
2.2.3 Fire integrity of bulkheads and decks in ships carrying more than 36 passengers
2.2.3.1 In addition to complying with the specific provisions for fire integrity of
bulkheads and decks of passenger ships, the minimum fire integrity of all bulkheads
and decks shall be as prescribed in tables 9.1 and 9.2. Where, due to any particular
structural arrangements in the ship, difficulty is experienced in determining from
the tables the minimum fire integrity value of any divisions, such values shall be
determined to the satisfaction of the Administration.
2.2.3.2 The following requirements shall govern application of the tables:
-
.1 Table 9.1 shall apply to bulkheads not bounding either main vertical zones or horizontal
zones. Table 9.2 shall apply to decks not forming steps in main vertical zones nor
bounding horizontal zones;
-
.2 For determining the appropriate fire integrity standards to be applied to boundaries
between adjacent spaces, such spaces are classified according to their fire risk as
shown in categories (1) to (14) below. Where the contents and use of a space are such
that there is a doubt as to its classification for the purpose of this regulation,
or where it is possible to assign two or more classifications to a space, it shall
be treated as a space within the relevant category having the most stringent boundary
requirements. Smaller, enclosed rooms within a space that have less than 30% communicating
openings to that space are considered separate spaces. The fire integrity of the boundary
bulkheads and decks of such smaller rooms shall be as prescribed in tables 9.1 and
9.2. The title of each category is intended to be typical rather than restrictive.
The number in parentheses preceding each category refers to the applicable column
or row in the tables.
-
(1) Control stations
Spaces containing emergency sources of power and lighting.
Wheelhouse and chartroom.
Spaces containing the ship's radio equipment.
Fire control stations
Control room for propulsion machinery when located outside the propulsion machinery
space.
Spaces containing centralized fire alarm equipment.
Spaces containing centralized emergency public address system stations and equipment.
-
(2) Stairways Interior stairways, lifts, totally enclosed emergency escape trunks,
and escalators (other than those wholly contained within the machinery spaces) for
passengers and crew and enclosures thereto.
In this connection a stairway which is enclosed at only one level shall be regarded
as part of the space from which it is not separated by a fire door.
-
(3) Corridors Passenger and crew corridors and lobbies.
-
(4) Evacuation stations and external escape routes
Survival craft stowage area.
Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades forming lifeboat and liferaft embarkation
and lowering stations.
Assembly stations, internal and external.
External stairs and open decks used for escape routes.
The ship's side to the waterline in the lightest seagoing condition, superstructure
and deckhouse sides situated below and adjacent to the liferaft and evacuation slide
embarkation areas.
-
(5) Open deck spaces
Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades clear of lifeboat and liferaft embarkation
and lowering stations.
To be considered in this category, enclosed promenades shall have no significant
fire risk, meaning that furnishings shall be restricted to deck furniture.
In addition, such spaces shall be naturally ventilated by permanent openings.
Air spaces (the space outside superstructures and deckhouses).
-
(6) Accommodation spaces of minor fire risk
Cabins containing furniture and furnishings of restricted fire risk.
Offices and dispensaries containing furniture and furnishings of restricted fire
risk.
Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of restricted fire risk and having
a deck area of less than 50 m2.
-
(7) Accommodation spaces of moderate fire risk Spaces as in category (6) above but
containing furniture and furnishings of other than restricted fire risk.
Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of restricted fire risk and having
a deck area of 50 m2 or more. Isolated lockers and small store-rooms in accommodation spaces having areas
less than 4 m2 (in which flammable liquids are not stowed).
Sale shops.
Motion picture projection and film stowage rooms.
Diet kitchens (containing no open flame).
Cleaning gear lockers (in which flammable liquids are not stowed).
Laboratories (in which flammable liquids are not stowed).
Pharmacies.
Small drying rooms (having a deck area of 4 m2 or less).
Specie rooms.
Operating rooms.
-
(8) Accommodation spaces of greater fire risk
Public spaces containing furniture and furnishings of other than restricted fire
risk and having a deck area of 50 m2 or more.
Barber shops and beauty parlours.
Saunas.
-
(9) Sanitary and similar spaces
Communal sanitary facilities, showers, baths, water closets, etc.
Small laundry rooms.
Indoor swimming pool area.
Isolated pantries containing no cooking appliances in accommodation spaces.
Private sanitary facilities shall be considered a portion of the space in which they
are located.
-
(10) Tanks, voids and auxiliary machinery spaces having little or no fire risk
Water tanks forming part of the ship's structure.
Voids and cofferdams.
Auxiliary machinery spaces which do not contain machinery having a pressure lubrication
system and where storage of combustibles is prohibited, such as:
ventilation and air-conditioning rooms;
windlass room;
steering gear room;
stabilizer equipment room;
electrical propulsion motor room;
rooms containing section switchboards and purely electrical equipment other than
oil-filled electrical transformers (above 10 kVA);
shaft alleys and pipe tunnels;
spaces for pumps and refrigeration machinery (not handling or using flammable liquids).
Closed trunks serving the spaces listed above.
Other closed trunks such as pipe and cable trunks.
-
(11) Auxiliary machinery spaces, cargo spaces, cargo and other oil tanks and other
similar spaces of moderate fire risk
Cargo oil tanks.
Cargo holds, trunkways and hatchways.
Refrigerated chambers.
Oil fuel tanks (where installed in a separate space with no machinery).
Shaft alleys and pipe tunnels allowing storage of combustibles.
Auxiliary machinery spaces as in category (10) which contain machinery having a pressure
lubrication system or where storage of combustibles is permitted.
Oil fuel filling stations.
Spaces containing oil-filled electrical transformers (above 10 kVA).
Spaces containing turbine and reciprocating steam engine driven auxiliary generators
and small internal combustion engines of power output up to 110 kW driving generators,
sprinkler, drencher or fire pumps, bilge pumps, etc.
Closed trunks serving the spaces listed above.
-
(12) Machinery spaces and main galleys
Main propulsion machinery rooms (other than electric propulsion motor rooms) and
boiler rooms.
Auxiliary machinery spaces other than those in categories (10) and (11) which contain
internal combustion machinery or other oil-burning, heating or pumping units.
Main galleys and annexes.
Trunks and casings to the spaces listed above.
-
(13) Store-rooms, workshops, pantries, etc.
Main pantries not annexed to galleys.
Main laundry.
Large drying rooms (having a deck area of more than 4 m2)
Miscellaneous stores.
Mail and baggage rooms.
Garbage rooms.
Workshops (not part of machinery spaces, galleys, etc.).
Lockers and store-rooms having areas greater than 4 m2, other than those spaces that have provisions for the storage of flammable liquids.
-
(14) Other spaces in which flammable liquids are stowed
Paint lockers.
Store-rooms containing flammable liquids (including dyes, medicines, etc.).
Laboratories (in which flammable liquids are stowed);
-
.3 Where a single value is shown for the fire integrity of a boundary between two
spaces, that value shall apply in all cases;
-
.4 Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2.2.2 there are no special requirements
for material or integrity of boundaries where only a dash appears in the tables; and
-
.5 The Administration shall determine in respect of category (5) spaces whether the
insulation values in table 9.1 shall apply to ends of deckhouses and superstructures,
and whether the insulation values in table 9.2 shall apply to weather decks. In no
case shall the requirements of category (5) of tables 9.1 or 9.2 necessitate enclosure
of spaces which in the opinion of the Administration need not be enclosed.
Table 9.1 – Bulkheads not bounding either main vertical zones or horizontal zones
Spaces
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
(12)
|
(13)
|
(14)
|
Control stations(1)
|
B-0a
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
Stairways(2)
|
|
A-0a
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-15
|
A-0c
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-30
|
A-15
|
A-30
|
Corridors(3)
|
|
|
B-15
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
B-15
|
B-15
|
B-15
|
B-15
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
Evacuation stations and(4) external escape routes
|
|
|
|
|
A-0
|
A-60b,d
|
A-60b,d
|
A-60b,d
|
A-0d
|
A-0
|
A-60b
|
A-60b
|
A-60b
|
A-60b
|
Open deck spaces(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Accommodation spaces of minor fire risk(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
B-0
|
B-0
|
B-0
|
C
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
Accommodation spaces of moderate fire risk(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B-0
|
C
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
Accommodation spaces of greater fire risk(8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
Sanitary and similar spaces(9)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Tanks, voids and auxiliary machinery spaces having little or no fire risk(10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0a
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Auxiliary machinery spaces, cargo spaces, cargo and other oil tanks and other similar
spaces of moderate fire risk(11)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0a
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
Machinery spaces and main galleys(12)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0a
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
Store-rooms, workshops, pantries, etc.(13)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0a
|
A-0
|
Other spaces in which flammable liquids are stowed(14)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-30
|
See notes following table 9.2.
Table 9.2 – Decks not forming steps in main vertical zones nor bounding horizontal
zones\
Space below ↓Space above →
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
(12)
|
(13)
|
(14)
|
Control stations(1)
|
A-30
|
A-30
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
Stairways(2)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
Corridors(3)
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0a
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
Evacuation stations and external escape routes (4)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
-
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Open deck spaces(5)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
-
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Accommodation spaces of minor fire risk(6)
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Accommodation spaces of moderate fire risk(7)
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Accommodation spaces of greater fire risk(8)
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-15
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Sanitary and similar spaces(9)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Tanks, voids and auxiliary machinery spaces having little or no fire risk (10)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0a
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Auxiliary machinery spaces, cargo spaces, cargo and other oil tanks and other similar
spaces of moderate fire risk (11)
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0a
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
Machinery spaces and main galleys(12)
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
A-30a
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
Store-rooms, workshops, pantries, etc.(13)
|
A-60
|
A-30
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-30
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Other spaces in which flammable liquids are stowed (14)
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Note: To be applied to tables 9.1 and 9.2.
-
a Where adjacent spaces are in the same numerical category and superscript “a” appears,
a bulkhead or deck between such spaces need not be fitted if deemed unnecessary by
the Administration. For example, in category (12) a bulkhead need not be required
between a galley and its annexed pantries provided the pantry bulkhead and decks maintain
the integrity of the galley boundaries. A bulkhead is, however, required between a
galley and machinery space even though both spaces are in category (12).
-
b The ship's side, to the waterline in the lightest seagoing condition, superstructure
and deckhouse sides situated below and adjacent to liferafts and evacuation slides
may be reduced to “A-30”.
-
c Where public toilets are installed completely within the stairway enclosure, the
public toilet bulkhead within the stairway enclosure can be of “B” class integrity.
-
d Where spaces of categories (6), (7), (8) and (9) are located completely within the
outer perimeter of the assembly station, the bulkheads of these spaces are allowed
to be of “B-0” class integrity. Control positions for audio, video and light installations
may be considered as part of the assembly station.
2.2.3.3 Continuous “B” class ceilings or linings, in association with the relevant
decks or bulkheads, may be accepted as contributing wholly or in part, to the required
insulation and integrity of a division.
2.2.3.4 Construction and arrangement of saunas
2.2.3.4.1 The perimeter of the sauna shall be of “A” class boundaries and may include
changing rooms, showers and toilets. The sauna shall be insulated to A-60 standard
against other spaces except those inside of the perimeter and spaces of categories
(5), (9) and (10).
2.2.3.4.2 Bathrooms with direct access to saunas may be considered as part of them.
In such cases, the door between sauna and the bathroom need not comply with fire safety
requirements.
2.2.3.4.3 The traditional wooden lining on the bulkheads and ceiling are permitted
in the sauna. The ceiling above the oven shall be lined with a non-combustible plate
with an air gap of at least 30 mm. The distance from the hot surfaces to combustible
materials shall be at least 500 mm or the combustible materials shall be protected
(e.g. non-combustible plate with an air gap of at least 30 mm).
2.2.3.4.4 The traditional wooden benches are permitted to be used in the sauna.
2.2.3.4.5 The sauna door shall open outwards by pushing.
2.2.3.4.6 Electrically heated ovens shall be provided with a timer.
2.2.4 Fire integrity of bulkheads and decks in ships carrying not more than 36 passengers
2.2.4.1 In addition to complying with the specific provisions for fire integrity of
bulkheads and decks of passenger ships, the minimum fire integrity of bulkheads and
decks shall be as prescribed in tables 9.3 and 9.4.
2.2.4.2 The following requirements govern application of the tables:
-
.1 Tables 9.3 and 9.4 shall apply respectively to the bulkheads and decks separating
adjacent spaces;
-
.2 For determining the appropriate fire integrity standards to be applied to divisions
between adjacent spaces, such spaces are classified according to their fire risk as
shown in categories (1) to (11) below. Where the contents and use of a space are such
that there is a doubt as to its classification for the purpose of this regulation,
or where it is possible to assign two or more classifications to a space, it shall
be treated as a space within the relevant category having the most stringent boundary
requirements. Smaller, enclosed rooms within a space that have less than 30 % communicating
openings to that space are considered separate spaces. The fire integrity of the boundary
bulkheads and decks of such smaller rooms shall be as prescribed in tables 9.3 and
9.4. The title of each category is intended to be typical rather than restrictive.
The number in parentheses preceding each category refers to the applicable column
or row in the tables.
-
(1) Control stations
Spaces containing emergency sources of power and lighting.
Wheelhouse and chartroom.
Spaces containing the ship's radio equipment.
Fire control stations.
Control room for propulsion machinery when located outside the machinery space.
Spaces containing centralized fire alarm equipment.
-
(2) Corridors Passenger and crew corridors and lobbies.
-
(3) Accommodation spaces Spaces as defined in regulation 3.1 excluding corridors.
-
(4) Stairways Interior stairways, lifts, totally enclosed emergency escape trunks,
and escalators (other than those wholly contained within the machinery spaces) and
enclosures thereto.
In this connection, a stairway which is enclosed only at one level shall be regarded
as part of the space from which it is not separated by a fire door.
-
(5) Service spaces (low risk) Lockers and store-rooms not having provisions for the
storage of flammable liquids and having areas less than 4 m2 and drying rooms and laundries.
-
(6) Machinery spaces of category A Spaces as defined in regulation 3.31.
-
(7) Other machinery spaces
Electrical equipment rooms (auto-telephone exchange, air-conditioning duct spaces).
Spaces as defined in regulation 3.30 excluding machinery spaces of category A.
-
(8) Cargo spaces
All spaces used for cargo (including cargo oil tanks) and trunkways and hatchways
to such spaces, other than special category spaces.
-
(9) Service spaces (high risk) Galleys, pantries containing cooking appliances, paint
and lamp rooms, lockers and store-rooms having areas of 4 m2 or more, spaces for the storage of flammable liquids, saunas and workshops other
than those forming part of the machinery spaces.
-
(10) Open decks
Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades having little or no fire risk.
To be considered in this category, enclosed promenades should have no significant
fire risk, meaning that furnishing should be restricted to deck furniture.
In addition, such spaces should be naturally ventilated by permanent openings. Air
spaces (the space outside superstructures and deckhouses).
-
(11) Special category and ro-ro spaces
Spaces as defined in regulations 3.41 and 3.46;
-
.3 In determining the applicable fire integrity standard of a boundary between two
spaces within a main vertical zone or horizontal zone which is not protected by an
automatic sprinkler system complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems
Code or between such zones neither of which is so protected, the higher of the two
values given in the tables shall apply;
-
.4 In determining the applicable fire integrity standard of a boundary between two
spaces within a main vertical zone or horizontal zone which is protected by an automatic
sprinkler system complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code or
between such zones both of which are so protected, the lesser of the two values given
in the tables shall apply. Where a zone with sprinklers and a zone without sprinklers
meet within accommodation and service spaces, the higher of the two values given in
the tables shall apply to the division between the zones.
2.2.4.3 Continuous “B” class ceilings or linings, in association with the relevant
decks or bulkheads, may be accepted as contributing, wholly or in part, to the required
insulation and integrity of a division.
2.2.4.4 External boundaries which are required in regulation 11.2 to be of steel or
other equivalent material may be pierced for the fitting of windows and sidescuttles
provided that there is no requirement for such boundaries of passenger ships to have
“A” class integrity. Similarly, in such boundaries which are not required to have
“A” class integrity, doors may be constructed of materials which are to the satisfaction
of the Administration.
2.2.4.5 Saunas shall comply with paragraph 2.2.3.4.
Table 9.3 – Fire integrity of bulkheads separating adjacent spaces
Spaces
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
Control stations (1)
|
A-0c
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60
|
Corridors (2)
|
|
Ce
|
B-0e
|
A-0a B-0e
|
B-0e
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15 A-0d
|
*
|
A-15
|
Accommodation spaces(3)
|
|
|
Ce
|
A-0a B-0e
|
B-0e
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15 A-0d
|
*
|
A-30 A-0d
|
Stairways (4)
|
|
|
|
A-0a B-0e
|
A-0a B-0e
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-15 A-0d
|
*
|
A-15
|
Service spaces (low risk)(5)
|
|
|
|
|
Ce
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Machinery spaces of category A (6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60
|
Other machinery spaces (7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0b
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Cargo spaces (8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Service spaces (high risk)(9)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0b
|
*
|
A-30
|
Open decks (10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0
|
Special category and ro-ro spaces (11)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0
|
Table 9.4 – Fire integrity of decks separating adjacent spaces
Space below ↓
|
Space above→
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
Control stations (1)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30
|
Corridors (2)
|
A-0
|
*
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Accommodation spaces (3)
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30 A-0d
|
Stairways (4)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Service spaces (low risk) (5)
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Machinery spaces of category A (6)
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60f
|
A-30
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60
|
Other machinery spaces (7)
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Cargo spaces (8)
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Service spaces (high risk) (9)
|
A-60
|
A-30 A-0d
|
A-30 A-0d
|
A-30 A-0d
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30
|
Open decks (10)
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
A-0
|
Special category and ro-ro spaces (11)
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-30 A-0d
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
Notes: To be applied to both tables 9.3 and 9.4 as appropriate.
-
a For clarification as to which applies, see paragraphs 2.2.2 and 2.2.5.
-
b Where spaces are of the same numerical category and superscript b appears, a bulkhead
or deck of the rating shown in the tables is only required when the adjacent spaces
are for a different purpose, (e.g. in category (9)). A galley next to a galley does
not require a bulkhead but a galley next to a paint room requires an “A-0” bulkhead.
-
c Bulkhead separating the wheelhouse and chartroom from each other may have a “B-0”
rating.
-
d See paragraphs 2.2.4.2.3 and 2.2.4.2.4.
-
e For the application of paragraph 2.2.1.1.2, “B-0” and “C”, where appearing in table
9.3, shall be read as “A-0”.
-
f Fire insulation need not be fitted if the machinery space in category (7), in the
opinion of the Administration, has little or no fire risk.
* Where an asterisk appears in the tables, the division is required to be of steel
or other equivalent material, but is not required to be of “A” class standard. However,
where a deck, except in a category (10) space, is penetrated for the passage of electric
cables, pipes and vent ducts, such penetrations should be made tight to prevent the
passage of flame and smoke. Divisions between control stations (emergency generators)
and open decks may have air intake openings without means for closure, unless a fixed
gas fire-fighting system is fitted.
For the application of paragraph 2.2.1.1.2, an asterisk, where appearing in table
9.4, except for categories (8) and (10), shall be read as “A-0”.
2.2.5 Protection of stairways and lifts in accommodation area
2.2.5.1 Stairways shall be within enclosures formed of “A” class divisions, with positive
means of closure at all openings, except that:
-
.1 a stairway connecting only two decks need not be enclosed, provided the integrity
of the deck is maintained by proper bulkheads or self-closing doors in one 'tween-deck
space. When a stairway is closed in one 'tween-deck space, the stairway enclosure
shall be protected in accordance with the tables for decks in paragraphs 2.2.3 or
2.2.4; and
-
.2 stairways may be fitted in the open in a public space, provided they lie wholly
within the public space.
2.2.5.2 Lift trunks shall be so fitted as to prevent the passage of smoke and flame
from one `tween-deck to another and shall be provided with means of closing so as
to permit the control of draught and smoke. Machinery for lifts located within stairway
enclosures shall be arranged in a separate room, surrounded by steel boundaries, except
that small passages for lift cables are permitted. Lifts which open into spaces other
than corridors, public spaces, special category spaces, stairways and external areas
shall not open into stairways included in the means of escape.
2.3 Cargo ships except tankers
2.3.1 Methods of protection in accommodation area
2.3.1.1 One of the following methods of protection shall be adopted in accommodation
and service spaces and control stations:
-
.1 Method IC
The construction of internal divisional bulkheads of non-combustible “B” or “C” class
divisions generally without the installation of an automatic sprinkler, fire detection
and fire alarm system in the accommodation and service spaces, except as required
by regulation 7.5.5.1; or
-
.2 Method IIC
The fitting of an automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm system as required
by regulation 7.5.5.2 for the detection and extinction of fire in all spaces in which
fire might be expected to originate, generally with no restriction on the type of
internal divisional bulkheads; or
-
.3 Method IIIC
The fitting of a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system as required by Regulation
7.5.5.3, in spaces in which a fire might be expected to originate, generally with
no restriction on the type of internal divisional bulkheads, except that in no case
must the area of any accommodation space or spaces bounded by an “A” or “B” class
division exceed 50 m2. Consideration may be given by the Administration to increasing this area for public
spaces.
2.3.1.2 The requirements for the use of non-combustible materials in the construction
and insulation of boundary bulkheads of machinery spaces, control stations, service
spaces, etc., and the protection of the above stairway enclosures and corridors will
be common to all three methods outlined in paragraph 2.3.1.1.
2.3.2 Bulkheads within accommodation area
2.3.2.1 Bulkheads required to be “B” class divisions shall extend from deck to deck
and to the shell or other boundaries. However, where a continuous “B” class ceiling
or lining is fitted on both sides of the bulkhead, the bulkhead may terminate at the
continuous ceiling or lining.
2.3.2.2 Method IC
Bulkheads not required by this or other regulations for cargo ships to be “A” or
“B” class divisions, shall be of at least “C” class construction.
2.3.2.3 Method IIC
There shall be no restriction on the construction of bulkheads not required by this
or other Regulations for cargo ships to be “A” or “B” class divisions except in individual
cases where “C” class bulkheads are required in accordance with table 9.5.
2.3.2.4 Method IIIC
There shall be no restriction on the construction of bulkheads not required for cargo
ships to be “A” or “B” class divisions except that the area of any accommodation space
or spaces bounded by a continuous “A” or “B” class division must in no case exceed
50 m2, except in individual cases where “C” class bulkheads are required in accordance
with table 9.5. Consideration may be given by the Administration to increasing this
area for public spaces.
2.3.3 Fire integrity of bulkheads and decks
2.3.3.1 In addition to complying with the specific provisions for fire integrity of
bulkheads and decks of cargo ships, the minimum fire integrity of bulkheads and decks
shall be as prescribed in tables 9.5 and 9.6.
2.3.3.2 The following requirements shall govern application of the tables:
-
.1 Tables 9.5 and 9.6 shall apply respectively to the bulkheads and decks separating
adjacent spaces;
-
.2 For determining the appropriate fire integrity standards to be applied to divisions
between adjacent spaces, such spaces are classified according to their fire risk as
shown in categories (1) to (11) below. Where the contents and use of a space are such
that there is a doubt as to its classification for the purpose of this regulation,
or where it is possible to assign two or more classifications to a space, it shall
be treated as a space within the relevant category having the most stringent boundary
requirements. Smaller, enclosed rooms within a space that have less than 30% communicating
openings to that space are considered separate spaces. The fire integrity of the boundary
bulkheads and decks of such smaller rooms shall be as prescribed in tables 9.5 and
9.6. The title of each category is intended to be typical rather than restrictive.
The number in parentheses preceding each category refers to the applicable column
or row in the tables;
-
(1) Control stations
Spaces containing emergency sources of power and lighting.
Wheelhouse and chartroom.
Spaces containing the ship's radio equipment.
Fire control stations.
Control room for propulsion machinery when located outside the machinery space.
Spaces containing centralized fire alarm equipment.
-
(2) Corridors corridors and lobbies.
-
(3) Accommodation spaces Spaces as defined in regulation 3.1, excluding corridors.
-
(4) Stairways
Interior stairway, lifts, totally enclosed emergency escape trunks, and escalators
(other than those wholly contained within the machinery spaces) and enclosures thereto.
In this connection, a stairway which is enclosed only at one level shall be regarded
as part of the space from which it is not separated by a fire door.
-
(5) Service spaces (low risk)
Lockers and store-rooms not having provisions for the storage of flammable liquids
and having areas less than 4 m2 and drying rooms and laundries.
-
(6) Machinery spaces of category
A Spaces as defined in regulation 3.31.
-
(7) Other machinery spaces
Electrical equipment rooms (auto-telephone exchange, air-conditioning duct spaces).
Spaces as defined in regulation 3.30 excluding machinery spaces of category A.
-
(8) Cargo spaces
All spaces used for cargo (including cargo oil tanks) and trunkways and hatchways
to such spaces.
-
(9) Service spaces (high risk)
Galleys, pantries containing cooking appliances, saunas, paint lockers and store-rooms
having areas of 4 m2 or more, spaces for the storage of flammable liquids, and workshops other than those
forming part of the machinery spaces.
-
(10) Open decks
Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades having little or no fire risk. To be considered
in this category, enclosed promenades shall have no significant fire risk, meaning
that furnishings shall be restricted to deck furniture. In addition, such spaces shall
be naturally ventilated by permanent openings.
Air spaces (the space outside superstructures and deckhouses).
-
(11) Ro-ro and vehicle spaces
Ro-ro spaces as defined in regulation 3.41.
Vehicle spaces as defined in regulation 3.49.
Table 9.5 – Fire integrity of bulkheads separating adjacent spaces
Spaces
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
Control stations (1)
|
A-0e
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60
|
Corridors(2)
|
|
C
|
B-0
|
B-0 A-0c
|
B-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30
|
Accommodation spaces (3)
|
|
|
Ca, b
|
B-0 A-0c
|
B-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30
|
Stairways(4)
|
|
|
|
B-0 A-0c
|
B-0 A-0c
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30
|
Service spaces (low risk)(5)
|
|
|
|
|
C
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Machinery spaces of category A(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-0g
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60f
|
Other machinery spaces(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0d
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Cargo spaces(8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Service spaces (high risk) (9)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0d
|
*
|
A-30
|
Open decks(10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
A-0
|
Ro-ro and vehicle spaces (11)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*h
|
Table 9.6 – Fire integrity of decks separating adjacent spaces
Space Space
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
(11)
|
below above
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control stations(1)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
Corridors(2)
|
A-0
|
*
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30
|
Accommodation spaces (3)
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30
|
Stairways(4)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-30
|
Service spaces (low risk) (5)
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Machinery spaces of category A (6)
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60i
|
A-30
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60
|
Other machinery spaces (7)
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Cargo spaces(8)
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
Service spaces (high risk) (9)
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0d
|
*
|
A-30
|
Open decks(10)
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
–
|
*
|
Ro-ro and vehicle spaces (11)
|
A-60
|
A-30
|
A-30
|
A-30
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-30
|
*
|
*h
|
Notes: To be applied to tables 9.5 and 9.6 as appropriate.
-
a No special requirements are imposed upon bulkheads in methods IIC and IIIC fire protection.
-
b In case of method IIIC “B” class bulkheads of “B-0” rating shall be provided between
spaces or groups of spaces of 50 m2 and over in area.
-
c For clarification as to which applies, see paragraphs 2.3.2 and 2.3.4.
-
d Where spaces are of the same numerical category and superscript d appear, a bulkhead
or deck of the rating shown in the tables is only required when the adjacent spaces
are for a different purpose (e.g. in category (9)). A galley next to a galley does
not require a bulkhead but a galley next to a paint room requires an “A-0” bulkhead.
-
e Bulkheads separating the wheelhouse, chartroom and radio room from each other may
have a “B-0” rating.
-
f An “A-0” rating may be used if no dangerous goods are intended to be carried or if
such goods are stowed not less than 3 m horizontally from such a bulkhead.
-
g For cargo spaces in which dangerous goods are intended to be carried, regulation
19.3.8 applies.
-
h Bulkheads and decks separating ro-ro spaces shall be capable of being closed reasonably
gastight and such divisions shall have “A” class integrity in so far as reasonable
and practicable, if in the opinion of the Administration it has little or no fire
risk.
-
i Fire insulation need not be fitted if the machinery in category (7) if, in the opinion
of the Administration, it has little or no fire risk. * Where an asterisk appears
in the tables, the division is required to be of steel or other equivalent material
but is not required to be of “A” class standard. However, where a deck, except an
open deck, is penetrated for the passage of electric cables, pipes and vent ducts,
such penetrations should be made tight to prevent the passage of flame and smoke.
Divisions between control stations (emergency generators) and open decks may have
air intake openings without means for closure, unless a fixed gas fire-fighting system
is fitted.
2.3.3.3 Continuous “B” class ceilings or linings, in association with the relevant
decks or bulkheads, may be accepted as contributing, wholly or in part, to the required
insulation and integrity of a division.
2.3.3.4 External boundaries which are required in regulation 11.2 to be of steel or
other equivalent material may be pierced for the fitting of windows and sidescuttles
provided that there is no requirement for such boundaries of cargo ships to have “A”
class integrity. Similarly, in such boundaries which are not required to have “A”
class integrity, doors may be constructed of materials which are to the satisfaction
of the Administration.
2.3.3.5 Saunas shall comply with paragraph 2.2.3.4.
2.3.4 Protection of stairways and lift trunks in accommodation spaces, service spaces
and control stations
2.3.4.1 Stairways which penetrate only a single deck shall be protected, at a minimum,
at one level by at least “B-0” class divisions and self-closing doors. Lifts which
penetrate only a single deck shall be surrounded by “A-0” class divisions with steel
doors at both levels. Stairways and lift trunks which penetrate more than a single
deck shall be surrounded by at least “A-0” class divisions and be protected by self-closing
doors at all levels.
2.3.4.2 On ships having accommodation for 12 persons or less, where stairways penetrate
more than a single deck and where there are at least two escape routes direct to the
open deck at every accommodation level, the “A-0” requirements of paragraph 2.3.4.1
may be reduced to “B-0”.
2.4 Tankers
2.4.1 Application
For tankers, only method IC as defined in paragraph 2.3.1.1 shall be used.
2.4.2 Fire integrity of bulkheads and decks
2.4.2.1 In lieu of paragraph 2.3 and in addition to complying with the specific provisions
for fire integrity of bulkheads and decks of tankers, the minimum fire integrity of
bulkheads and decks shall be as prescribed in tables 9.7 and 9.8.
2.4.2.2 The following requirements shall govern application of the tables:
-
.1 Tables 9.7 and 9.8 shall apply respectively to the bulkhead and decks separating
adjacent spaces;
-
.2 For determining the appropriate fire integrity standards to be applied to divisions
between adjacent spaces, such spaces are classified according to their fire risk as
shown in categories (1) to (10) below. Where the contents and use of a space are such
that there is a doubt as to its classification for the purpose of this regulation,
or where it is possible to assign two or more classifications to a space, it shall
be treated as a space within the relevant category having the most stringent boundary
requirements. Smaller, enclosed areas within a space that have less than 30% communicating
openings to that space are considered separate areas. The fire integrity of the boundary
bulkheads and decks of such smaller spaces shall be as prescribed in tables 9.7 and
9.8. The title of each category is intended to be typical rather than restrictive.
The number in parentheses preceding each category refers to the applicable column
or row in the tables;
-
(1) Control stations
Spaces containing emergency sources of power and lighting.
Wheelhouse and chartroom.
Spaces containing the ship's radio equipment.
Fire control stations.
Control room for propulsion machinery when located outside the machinery space.
Spaces containing centralized fire alarm equipment.
-
(2) Corridors
Corridors and lobbies.
-
(3) Accommodation spaces
Spaces as defined in regulation 3.1, excluding corridors.
-
(4) Stairways
Interior stairways, lifts, totally enclosed emergency escape trunks, and escalators
(other than those wholly contained within the machinery spaces) and enclosures thereto.
In this connection, a stairway which is enclosed only at one level shall be regarded
as part of the space from which it is not separated by a fire door.
-
(5) Service spaces (low risk)
Lockers and store-rooms not having provisions for the storage of flammable liquids
and having areas less than 4 m2 and drying rooms and laundries.
-
(6) Machinery spaces of category
A Spaces as defined in regulation 3.31.
-
(7) Other machinery spaces
Electrical equipment rooms (auto-telephone exchange and airconditioning duct spaces).
Spaces as defined in regulation 3.30 excluding machinery spaces of category A.
-
(8) Cargo pump-rooms
Spaces containing cargo pumps and entrances and trunks to such spaces.
-
(9) Service spaces (high risk)
Galleys, pantries containing cooking appliances, saunas, paint lockers and store-rooms
having areas of 4 m2 or more, spaces for the storage of flammable liquids and workshops other than those
forming part of the machinery spaces.
-
(10) Open decks
Open deck spaces and enclosed promenades having little or no fire risk.
To be considered in this category, enclosed promenades shal have no significant fire
risk, meaning that furnishings shall be restricted to deck furniture. In addition,
such spaces shall be naturally ventilated by permanent openings.
Air spaces (the space outside superstructures and deckhouses).
2.4.2.3 Continuous “B” class ceilings or linings, in association with the relevant
decks or bulkheads, may be accepted as contributing, wholly or in part, to the required
insulation and integrity of a division.
2.4.2.4 External boundaries which are required in regulation 11.2 to be of steel or
other equivalent material may be pierced for the fitting of windows and sidescuttles
provided that there is no requirement for such boundaries of tankers to have “A” class
integrity. Similarly, in such boundaries which are not required to have “A” class
integrity, doors may be constructed of materials which are to the satisfaction of
the Administration.
2.4.2.5 Exterior boundaries of superstructures and deckhouses enclosing accommodation
and including any overhanging decks which support such accommodation, shall be constructed
of steel and insulated to “A-60” standard for the whole of the portions which face
the cargo area and on the outward sides for a distance of 3 m from the end boundary
facing the cargo area. The distance of 3 m shall be measured horizontally and parallel
to the middle line of the ship from the boundary which faces the cargo area at each
deck level. In the case of the sides of those superstructures and deckhouses, such
insulation shall be carried up to the underside of the deck of the navigation bridge.
2.4.2.6 Skylights to cargo pump-rooms shall be of steel, shall not contain any glass
and shall be capable of being closed from outside the pump-room.
2.4.2.7 Construction and arrangement of saunas shall comply with paragraph 2.2.3.4.
Table 9.7 – Fire integrity of bulkheads separating adjacent spaces
Spaces
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
Control stations (1)
|
A-0c
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-15
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
*
|
Corridors (2)
|
|
C
|
B-0
|
B-0 A-0a
|
B-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
*
|
Accommodation spaces (3)
|
|
|
C
|
B-0 A-0a
|
B-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
*
|
Stairways (4)
|
|
|
|
B-0 A-0a
|
B-0 A-0a
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
*
|
Service spaces (low risk) (5)
|
|
|
|
|
C
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
*
|
Machinery spaces of category A (6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-0d
|
A-60
|
*
|
Other machinery spaces (7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0b
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
Cargo pump-rooms (8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
A-60
|
*
|
Service spaces (high risk) (9)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A-0b
|
*
|
Open decks (10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
Table 9.8 – Fire integrity of decks separating adjacent spaces
Space Space
|
(1)
|
(2)
|
(3)
|
(4)
|
(5)
|
(6)
|
(7)
|
(8)
|
(9)
|
(10)
|
belowabove
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control stations(1)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
-
|
A-0
|
*
|
Corridors(2)
|
A-0
|
*
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
-
|
A-0
|
*
|
Accommodation spaces (3)
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
-
|
A-0
|
*
|
Stairways(4)
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
-
|
A-0
|
*
|
Service spaces (low risk)(5)
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
-
|
A-0
|
*
|
Machinery spaces of category A (6)
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
A-60
|
*
|
A-60e
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
*
|
Other machinery spaces(7)
|
A-15
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
*
|
Cargo pump-rooms(8)
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
A-0d
|
A-0
|
*
|
-
|
*
|
Service spaces (high risk) (9)
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-0
|
A-60
|
A-0
|
-
|
A-0b
|
*
|
Open decks(10)
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
*
|
-
|
Notes: To be applied to tables 9.7 and 9.8 as appropriate.
-
a For clarification as to which applies, see paragraphs 2.3.2 and 2.3.4.
-
b Where spaces are of the same numerical category and superscript b appears, a bulkhead
or deck of the rating shown in the tables is only required when the adjacent spaces
are for a different purpose (e.g. in category (9)). A galley next to a galley does
not require a bulkhead but a galley next to a paint room requires an “A-0” bulkhead.
-
c Bulkheads separating the wheelhouse, chartroom and radio room from each other may
have a “B-0” rating.
-
d Bulkheads and decks between cargo pump-rooms and machinery spaces of category A may
be penetrated by cargo pump shaft glands and similar gland penetrations, provided
that gas tight seals with efficient lubrication or other means of ensuring the permanence
of the gas seal are fitted in way of the bulkheads or deck.
-
e Fire insulation need not be fitted if the machinery space in category (7) if, in
the opinion of the Administration, it has little or no fire risk.
* Where an asterisk appears in the table, the division is required to be of steel
or other equivalent material, but is not required to be of “A” class standard. However,
where a deck, except an open deck, is penetrated for the passage of electric cables,
pipes and vent ducts, such penetrations should be made tight to prevent the passage
of flame and smoke. Divisions between control stations (emergency generators) and
open decks may have air intake openings without means for closure, unless a fixed
gas fire-fighting system is fitted.
3 Penetration in fire-resisting divisions and prevention of heat transmission
3.1 Where “A” class divisions are penetrated, such penetrations shall be tested in
accordance with the Fire Test Procedures Code, subject to the provisions of paragraph
4.1.1.5. In the case of ventilation ducts, paragraphs 7.1.2 and 7.3.1 apply. However,
where a pipe penetration is made of steel or equivalent material having a thickness
of 3mm or greater and a length of not less than 900 mm (preferably 450 mm on each
side of the division), and no openings, testing is not required. Such penetrations
shall be suitably insulated by extension of the insulation at the same level of the
division.
3.2 Where “B” class divisions are penetrated for the passage of electric cables, pipes,
trunks, ducts, etc., or for the fitting of ventilation terminals, lighting fixtures
and similar devices, arrangements shall be made to ensure that the fire resistance
is not impaired, subject to the provisions of paragraph 7.3.2. Pipes other than steel
or copper that penetrate “B” class divisions shall be protected by either:
-
.1 a fire tested penetration device, suitable for the fire resistance of the division
pierced and the type of pipe used; or
-
.2 a steel sleeve, having a thickness of not less than 1.8 mm and a length of not
less than 900 mm for pipe diameters of 150 mm or more and not less than 600 mm for
pipe diameters of less than 150 mm (preferably equally divided to each side of the
division). The pipe shall be connected to the ends of the sleeve by flanges or couplings;
or the clearance between the sleeve and the pipe shall not exceed 2.5 mm; or any clearance
between pipe and sleeve shall be made tight by means of non-combustible or other suitable
material.
3.3 Uninsulated metallic pipes penetrating “A” or “B” class divisions shall be of
materials having a melting temperature which exceeds 950°C for “A-0” and 850°C for
“B-0” class divisions.
3.4 In approving structural fire protection details, the Administration shall have
regard to the risk of heat transmission at intersections and terminal points of required
thermal barriers. The insulation of a deck or bulkhead shall be carried past the penetration,
intersection or terminal point for a distance of at least 450 mm in the case of steel
and aluminium structures. If a space is divided with a deck or a bulkhead of “A” class
standard having insulation of different values, the insulation with the higher value
shall continue on the deck or bulkhead with the insulation of the lesser value for
a distance of at least 450 mm.
4 Protection of openings in fire resisting divisions
4.1 Openings in bulkheads and decks in passenger ships
4.1.1 Openings in “A” class divisions
4.1.1.1 Except for hatches between cargo, special category, store, and baggage spaces,
and between such spaces and the weather decks, openings shall be provided with permanently
attached means of closing which shall be at least as effective for resisting fires
as the divisions in which they are fitted.
4.1.1.2 The construction of doors and door frames in “A” class divisions, with the
means of securing them when closed, shall provide resistance to fire as well as to
the passage of smoke and flame equivalent to that of the bulkheads in which the doors
are situated, this being determined in accordance with the Fire Test Procedures Code.
Such doors and door frames shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material.
Watertight doors need not be insulated.
4.1.1.3 It shall be possible for each door to be opened and closed from each side
of the bulkhead by one person only.
4.1.1.4 Fire doors in main vertical zone bulkheads, galley boundaries and stairway
enclosures other than power-operated watertight doors and those which are normally
locked, shall satisfy the following requirements:
-
.1 the doors shall be self-closing and be capable of closing with an angle of inclination
of up to 3.5° opposing closure;
-
.2 the approximate time of closure for hinged fire doors shall be no more than 40
s and no less than 10 s from the beginning of their movement with the ship in upright
position. The approximate uniform rate of closure for sliding doors shall be of no
more than 0.2 m/s and no less than 0.1 m/s with the ship in upright position;
-
.3 the doors, except those for emergency escape trunks, shall be capable of remote
release from the continuously manned central control station, either simultaneously
or in groups and shall be capable of release also individually from a position at
both sides of the door. Release switches shall have an on-off function to prevent
automatic resetting of the system;
-
.4 hold-back hooks not subject to central control station release are prohibited;
-
.5 a door closed remotely from the central control station shall be capable of being
re-opened from both sides of the door by local control. After such local opening,
the door shall automatically close again;
-
.6 indication shall be provided at the fire door indicator panel in the continuously
manned central control station whether each door is closed;
-
.7 the release mechanism shall be so designed that the door will automatically close
in the event of disruption of the control system or central power supply;
-
.8 local power accumulators for power-operated doors shall be provided in the immediate
vicinity of the doors to enable the doors to be operated after disruption of the control
system or central power supply at least ten times (fully opened and closed) using
the local controls;
-
.9 disruption of the control system or central power supply at one door shall not
impair the safe functioning of the other doors;
-
.10 remote-released sliding or power-operated doors shall be equipped with an alarm
that sounds at least 5 s but no more than 10 s after the door being released from
the central control station and before the door begins to move and continues sounding
until the door is completely closed;
-
.11 a door designed to re-open upon contacting an object in its path shall re-open
not more than 1 m from the point of contact;
-
.12 double-leaf doors equipped with a latch necessary for their fire integrity shall
have a latch that is automatically activated by the operation of the doors when released
by the system;
-
.13 doors giving direct access to special category spaces which are power-operated
and automatically closed need not be equipped with the alarms and remote-release mechanisms
required in paragraphs 4.1.1.4.3 and 4.1.1.4.10;
-
.14 the components of the local control system shall be accessible for maintenance
and adjusting;
-
.15 power-operated doors shall be provided with a control system of an approved type
which shall be able to operate in case of fire and be in accordance with the Fire
Test Procedures Code. This system shall satisfy the following requirements:
-
.15.1 the control system shall be able to operate the door at the temperature of at
least 200°C for at least 60 min, served by the power supply;
-
.15.2 the power supply for all other doors not subject to fire shall not be impaired;
and
-
.15.3 at temperatures exceeding 200°C the control system shall be automatically isolated
from the power supply and shall be capable of keeping the door closed up to at least
945°C.
4.1.1.5 In ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, where a space is protected
by an automatic sprinkler fire detection and alarm system complying with the provisions
of the Fire Safety Systems Code or fitted with a continuous “B” class ceiling, openings
in decks not forming steps in main vertical zones nor bounding horizontal zones shall
be closed reasonably tight and such decks shall meet the “A” class integrity requirements
in so far as is reasonable and practicable in the opinion of the Administration.
4.1.1.6 The requirements for “A” class integrity of the outer boundaries of a ship
shall not apply to glass partitions, windows and sidescuttles, provided that there
is no requirement for such boundaries to have “A” class integrity in paragraph 4.1.3.3.
The requirements for “A” class integrity of the outer boundaries of the ship shall
not apply to exterior doors, except for those in superstructures and deckhouses facing
lifesaving appliances, embarkation and external assembly station areas, external stairs
and open decks used for escape routes. Stairway enclosure doors need not meet this
requirement.
4.1.1.7 Except for watertight doors, weathertight doors (semi-watertight doors), doors
leading to the open deck and doors which need to be reasonably gastight, all “A” class
doors located in stairways, public spaces and main vertical zone bulkheads in escape
routes shall be equipped with a self-closing hose port of material, construction and
fire resistance which is equivalent to the door into which it is fitted, and shall
be a 150 mm square clear opening with the door closed and shall be inset into the
lower edge of the door, opposite the door hinges or, in the case of sliding doors,
nearest the opening.
4.1.1.8 Where it is necessary that a ventilation duct passes through a main vertical
zone division, a fail-safe automatic closing fire damper shall be fitted adjacent
to the division. The damper shall also be capable of being manually closed from each
side of the division. The operating position shall be readily accessible and be marked
in red light-reflecting colour. The duct between the division and the damper shall
be of steel or other equivalent material and, if necessary, insulated to comply with
the requirements of paragraph 3.1. The damper shall be fitted on at least one side
of the division with a visible indicator showing whether the damper is in the open
position.
4.1.2 Openings in “B” class divisions
4.1.2.1 Doors and door frames in “B” class divisions and means of securing them shall
provide a method of closure which shall have resistance to fire equivalent to that
of the divisions, this being determined in accordance with the Fire Test Procedure
Code except that ventilation openings may be permitted in the lower portion of such
doors. Where such opening is in or under a door the total net area of any such opening
or openings shall not exceed 0.05 m2. Alternatively, a non-combustible air balance duct routed between the cabin and the
corridor, and located below the sanitary unit is permitted where the cross-sectional
area of the duct does not exceed 0.05 m2. All ventilation openings shall be fitted with a grill made of non-combustible material.
Doors shall be non-combustible.
4.1.2.2 Cabin doors in “B” class divisions shall be of a self-closing type. Hold-back
hooks are not permitted.
4.1.2.3 The requirements for “B” class integrity of the outer boundaries of a ship
shall not apply to glass partitions, windows and sidescuttles. Similarly, the requirements
for “B” class integrity shall not apply to exterior doors in superstructures and deckhouses.
For ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, the Administration may permit the
use of combustible materials in doors separating cabins from the individual interior
sanitary spaces such as showers.
4.1.2.4 In ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, where an automatic sprinkler
system complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code is fitted:
-
.1 openings in decks not forming steps in main vertical zones nor bounding horizontal
zones shall be closed reasonably tight and such decks shall meet the “B” class integrity
requirements in so far as is reasonable and practicable in the opinion of the Administration;
and
-
.2 openings in corridor bulkheads of “B” class materials shall be protected in accordance
with the provisions of paragraph 2.2.2.
4.1.3 Windows and sidescuttles
4.1.3.1 Windows and sidescuttles in bulkheads within accommodation and service spaces
and control stations other than those to which the provisions of paragraph 4.1.1.6
and of paragraph 4.1.2.3 apply, shall be so constructed as to preserve the integrity
requirements of the type of bulkheads in which they are fitted, this being determined
in accordance with the Fire Test Procedures Code.
4.1.3.2 Notwithstanding the requirements of tables 9.1 to 9.4, windows and sidescuttles
in bulkheads separating accommodation and service spaces and control stations from
weather shall be constructed with frames of steel or other suitable material. The
glass shall be retained by a metal glazing bead or angle.
4.1.3.3 Windows facing life-saving appliances, embarkation and assembly stations,
external stairs and open decks used for escape routes, and windows situated below
liferaft and escape slide embarkation areas shall have fire integrity as required
in table 9.1. Where automatic dedicated sprinkler heads are provided for windows,
“A-0” windows may be accepted as equivalent. To be considered under this paragraph,
the sprinkler heads shall either be:
-
.1 dedicated heads located above the windows, and installed in addition to the conventional
ceiling sprinklers; or
-
.2 conventional ceiling sprinkler heads arranged such that the window is protected
by an average application rate of at least 5 l/min per square metre and the additional
window area is included in the calculation of the area of coverage.
Windows located in the ship's side below the lifeboat embarkation area shall have
fire integrity at least equal to “A-0” class.
4.2 Doors in fire-resisting divisions in cargo ships
4.2.1 The fire resistance of doors shall be equivalent to that of the division in
which they are fitted, this being determined in accordance with the Fire Test Procedures
Code. Doors and door frames in “A” class divisions shall be constructed of steel.
Doors in “B” class divisions shall be non-combustible. Doors fitted in boundary bulkheads
of machinery spaces of category A shall be reasonably gastight and self-closing. In
ships constructed according to method IC, the Administration may permit the use of
combustible materials in doors separating cabins from individual interior sanitary
accommodation such as showers.
4.2.2 Doors required to be self-closing shall not be fitted with hold-back hooks.
However, hold-back arrangements fitted with remote release devices of the fail-safe
type may be utilized.
4.2.3 In corridor bulkheads ventilation openings may be permitted in and under the
doors of cabins and public spaces. Ventilation openings are also permitted in “B”
class doors leading to lavatories, offices, pantries, lockers and store-rooms. Except
as permitted below, the openings shall be provided only in the lower half of a door.
Where such an opening is in or under a door the total net area of any such opening
or openings shall not exceed 0.05 m2. Alternatively, a non-combustible air balance duct routed between the cabin and the
corridor, and located below the sanitary unit is permitted where the cross-sectional
area of the duct does not exceed 0.05 m2 . Ventilation openings, except those under the door, shall be fitted with a grille
made of non-combustible material.
4.2.4 Watertight doors need not be insulated.
5 Protection of openings in machinery spaces boundaries
5.1 Application
5.1.1 The provision of this paragraph shall apply to machinery spaces of category
A and, where the Administration considers it desirable, to other machinery spaces.
5.2 Protection of openings in machinery space boundaries
5.2.1 The number of skylights, doors, ventilators, openings in funnels to permit exhaust
ventilation and other openings to machinery spaces shall be reduced to a minimum consistent
with the needs of ventilation and the proper and safe working of the ship.
5.2.2 Skylights shall be of steel and shall not contain glass panels.
5.2.3 Means of control shall be provided for closing power-operated doors or actuating
release mechanisms on doors other than power-operated watertight doors. The control
shall be located outside the space concerned, where they will not be cut off in the
event of fire in the space it serves.
5.2.4 In passenger ships, the means of control required in paragraph 5.2.3 shall be
situated at one control position or grouped in as few positions as possible to the
satisfaction of the Administration. Such positions shall have safe access from the
open deck.
5.2.5 In passenger ships, doors, other than power-operated watertight doors shall
be so arranged that positive closure is assured in case of fire in the space by power-operated
closing arrangements or by the provision of self-closing doors capable of closing
against an inclination of 3.5° opposing closure, and having a fail-safe hold-back
arrangement, provided with a remotely operated release device. Doors for emergency
escape trunks need not be fitted with a fail-safe hold-back facility and a remotely
operated release device.
5.2.6 Windows shall not be fitted in machinery space boundaries. However, this does
not preclude the use of glass in control rooms within the machinery spaces.
6 Protection of cargo space boundaries
6.1 In passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers, the boundary bulkheads and
decks of special category and ro-ro spaces shall be insulated to “A-60” class standard.
However, where a category (5), (9) and (10) space, as defined in paragraph 2.2.3,
is on one side of the division the standard may be reduced to “A-0”. Where fuel oil
tanks are below a special category space, the integrity of the deck between such spaces
may be reduced to “A-0” standard.
6.2 In passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, the boundary bulkheads
of special category spaces shall be insulated as required for category (11) spaces
in table 9.4.
6.3 In passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers the boundary bulkheads
and decks of closed and open ro-ro spaces shall have a fire integrity as required
for category (8) spaces in table 9.3 and the horizontal boundaries as required for
category (8) spaces in table 9.4.
6.4 In passenger ships, indicators shall be provided on the navigation bridge which
shall indicate when any fire door leading to or from the special category spaces is
closed.
6.5 In tankers, for the protection of cargo tanks carrying crude oil and petroleum
products having a flashpoint not exceeding 60°C, materials readily rendered ineffective
by heat shall not be used for valves, fittings, tank opening covers, cargo vent piping,
and cargo piping so as to prevent the spread of fire to the cargo.
7 Ventilation systems
7.1 Duct and dampers
7.1.1 Ventilation ducts shall be of non-combustible material. However, short ducts,
not generally exceeding 2 m in length and with a free cross-sectional area not exceeding
0.02 m2, need not be non-combustible subject to the following conditions:
-
.1 the ducts are made of a material which has low flame spread characteristics;
-
.2 the ducts are only used at the end of the ventilation device; and
-
.3 the ducts are not situated less than 600 mm, measured along the duct, from an opening
in an “A” or “B” class division including continuous “B” class ceiling.
7.1.2 The following arrangements shall be tested in accordance with the Fire Test
Procedures Code:
-
.1 fire dampers, including their relevant means of operation; and
-
.2 duct penetrations through “A” class divisions. However, the test is not required
where steel sleeves are directly joined to ventilation ducts by means of riveted or
screwed flanges or by welding.
7.2 Arrangement of ducts
7.2.1 The ventilation systems for machinery spaces of category A, vehicle spaces,
ro-ro spaces, galleys, special category spaces and cargo spaces shall, in general,
be separated from each other and from the ventilation systems serving other spaces.
Except that the galley ventilation systems on cargo ships of less than 4,000 gross
tonnage and in passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, need not be completely
separated, but may be served by separate ducts from a ventilation unit serving other
spaces. In any case, an automatic fire damper shall be fitted in the galley ventilation
duct near the ventilation unit. Ducts provided for the ventilation of machinery spaces
of category A, galleys, vehicle spaces, ro-ro spaces or special category spaces shall
not pass through accommodation spaces, service spaces or control stations unless they
comply with the conditions specified in paragraphs 7.2.1.1.1 to 7.2.1.1.4 or 7.2.1.2.1
and 7.2.1.2.2 below:
-
.1.1 the ducts are constructed of steel having a thickness of at least 3 mm and 5
mm for ducts the widths or diameters of which are up to and including 300 mm and 760
mm and over respectively and, in the case of such ducts, the widths or diameters of
which are between 300 mm and 760 mm having a thickness obtained by interpolation;
-
.1.2 the ducts are suitably supported and stiffened;
-
.1.3 the ducts are fitted with automatic fire dampers close to the boundaries penetrated;
and
-
.1.4 the ducts are insulated to “A-60” class standard from the machinery spaces, galleys,
vehicle spaces, ro-ro spaces or special category spaces to a point at least 5 m beyond
each fire damper;
or
-
.2.1 the ducts are constructed of steel in accordance with paragraphs 7.2.1.1.1 and
7.2.1.1.2; and
-
.2.2 the ducts are insulated to “A-60” class standard throughout the accommodation
spaces, service spaces or control stations; except that penetrations of main zone
divisions shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph 4.1.1.8.
7.2.2 Ducts provided for ventilation to accommodation spaces, service spaces or control
stations shall not pass through machinery spaces of category A, galleys, vehicle spaces,
ro-ro spaces or special category spaces unless they comply with the conditions specified
in paragraphs 7.2.2.1.1 to 7.2.2.1.3 or 7.2.2.2.1 and 7.2.2.2.2 below:
-
.1.1 the ducts where they pass through a machinery space of category A, galley, vehicle
space, ro-ro space or special category space are constructed of steel in accordance
with paragraphs 7.2.1.1.1 and 7.2.1.1.2;
-
.1.2 automatic fire dampers are fitted close to the boundaries penetrated; and
-
.1.3 the integrity of the machinery space, galley, vehicle space, ro-ro space or special
category space boundaries is maintained at the penetrations;
or
-
.2.1 the ducts where they pass through a machinery space of category A, galley, vehicle
space, ro-ro space or special category space are constructed of steel in accordance
with paragraphs 7.2.1.1.1 and 7.2.1.1.2; and
-
.2.2 the ducts are insulated to “A-60” standard within the machinery space, galley,
vehicle space, ro-ro space or special category space; except that penetrations of
main zone divisions shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph 4.1.1.8.
7.3 Details of duct penetrations
7.3.1 Where a thin plated duct with a free cross-sectional area equal to, or less
than, 0.02 m2 passes through “A” class bulkheads or decks, the opening shall be lined with a steel
sheet sleeve having a thickness of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 200 mm,
divided preferably into 100 mm on each side of the bulkhead or, in the case of the
deck, wholly laid on the lower side of the decks pierced. Where ventilation ducts
with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 m2 pass through “A” class bulkheads or decks, the opening shall be lined with a steel
sheet sleeve. However, where such ducts are of steel construction and pass through
a deck or bulkhead, the ducts and sleeves shall comply with the following:
-
.1 The sleeves shall have a thickness of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 900
mm. When passing through bulkheads, this length shall be divided preferably into 450
mm on each side of the bulkhead. These ducts, or sleeves lining such ducts, shall
be provided with fire insulation. The insulation shall have at least the same fire
integrity as the bulkhead or deck through which the duct passes; and
-
.2 Ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.075 m2 shall be fitted with fire dampers in addition to the requirements of paragraph 7.3.1.1.
The fire damper shall operate automatically, but shall also be capable of being closed
manually from both sides of the bulkhead or deck. The damper shall be provided with
an indicator which shows whether the damper is open or closed. Fire dampers are not
required, however, where ducts pass through spaces surrounded by “A” class divisions,
without serving those spaces, provided those ducts have the same fire integrity as
the divisions which they pierce. Fire dampers shall be easily accessible. Where they
are placed behind ceilings or linings, these ceilings or linings shall be provided
with an inspection door on which a plate reporting the identification number of the
fire damper is provided. The fire damper identification number shall also be placed
on any remote controls required.
7.3.2 Ventilation ducts with a free cross-sectional area exceeding 0.02 m2 passing through “B” class bulkheads shall be lined with steel sheet sleeves of 900
mm in length divided preferably into 450 mm on each side of the bulkheads unless the
duct is of steel for this length.
7.4 Ventilation systems for passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers
7.4.1 The ventilation system of a passenger ship carrying more than 36 passengers
shall be in compliance with the following additional requirements.
7.4.2 In general, the ventilation fans shall be so disposed that the ducts reaching
the various spaces remain within the main vertical zone.
7.4.3 Where ventilation systems penetrate decks, precautions shall be taken, in addition
to those relating to the fire integrity of the deck required by paragraphs 3.1 and
4.1.1.5, to reduce the likelihood of smoke and hot gases passing from one 'tween-deck
space to another through the system. In addition to insulation requirements contained
in paragraph 7.4, vertical ducts shall, if necessary, be insulated as required by
the appropriate tables 9.1 and 9.2.
7.4.4 Except in cargo spaces, ventilation ducts shall be constructed of the following
materials:
-
.1 ducts not less than 0.075 m2 in free cross-sectional area and all vertical ducts serving more than a single 'tween-deck
space shall be constructed of steel or other equivalent material;
-
.2 ducts less than 0.075 m2 in free cross-sectional area other than the vertical ducts referred to in paragraph
7.4.4.1, shall be constructed of non-combustible materials. Where such ducts penetrate
“A” or “B” class division due regard shall be given to ensuring the fire integrity
of the division; and
-
.3 short length of duct, not in general exceeding 0.02m2 in free cross-sectional area nor 2 m in length, need not be non-combustible provided
that all of the following conditions are met:
-
.3.1 the duct is constructed of a material which has low flame spread characteristics;
-
.3.2 the duct is used only at the terminal end of the ventilation system; and
-
.3.3 the duct is not located closer than 600 mm measured along its length to a penetration
of an “A” or “B” class division, including continuous “B” class ceilings.
7.4.5 Stairway enclosures shall be ventilated and served by an independent fan and
duct system which shall not serve any other spaces in the ventilation systems.
7.4.6 Exhaust ducts shall be provided with hatches for inspection and cleaning. The
hatches shall be located near the fire dampers.
7.5 Exhaust ducts from galley ranges
7.5.1 Requirements for passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers
Exhaust ducts from galley ranges shall meet the requirements of paragraphs 7.2.1.2.1
and 7.2.1.2.2 and shall be fitted with:
-
.1 a grease trap readily removable for cleaning unless an alternative approved grease
removal system is fitted;
-
.2 a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct which is automatically and remotely
operated, and in addition a remotely operated fire damper located in the upper end
of the duct;
-
.3 a fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct;
-
.4 remote-control arrangements for shutting off the exhaust fans and supply fans,
for operating the fire dampers mentioned in paragraph 7.5.1.2 and for operating the
fire-extinguishing system, which shall be placed in a position close to the entrance
to the galley. Where a multi-branch system is installed, a remote means located with
the above controls shall be provided to close all branches exhausting through the
same main duct before an extinguishing medium is released into the system; and
-
.5 suitably located hatches for inspection and cleaning.
7.5.2 Requirements for cargo ships and passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passenger
ships
7.5.2.1 Where they pass through accommodation spaces or spaces containing combustible
materials, the exhaust ducts from galley ranges shall be constructed of “A” class
divisions. Each exhaust duct shall be fitted with:
-
.1 a grease trap readily removable for cleaning;
-
.2 a fire damper located in the lower end of the duct;
-
.3 arrangements, operable from within the galley, for shutting off the exhaust fans;
and
-
.4 fixed means for extinguishing a fire within the duct.
Regulation 10. Fire fighting
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to suppress and swiftly extinguish a fire in the
space of origin. For this purpose, the following functional requirements shall be
met:
2. Water supply systems
Ships shall be provided with fire pumps, fire mains, hydrants and hoses complying
with the applicable requirements of this regulation.
2.1 Fire mains and hydrants
2.1.1 General Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for
fire mains and hydrants unless adequately protected. The pipes and hydrants shall
be so placed that the fire hoses may be easily coupled to them. The arrangement of
pipes and hydrants shall be such as to avoid the possibility of freezing. Suitable
drainage provisions shall be provided for fire main piping. Isolation valves shall
be installed for all open deck fire main branches used for purposes other than fire
fighting. In ships where deck cargo may be carried, the positions of the hydrants
shall be such that they are always readily accessible and the pipes shall be arranged
as far as practicable to avoid risk of damage by such cargo.
2.1.2 Ready availability of water supply
The arrangements for the ready availability of water supply shall be:
-
.1 in passenger ships:
-
.1.1 of 1,000 gross tonnage and upwards such that at least one effective jet of water
is immediately available from any hydrant in an interior location and so as to ensure
the continuation of the output of water by the automatic starting of one required
fire pump;
-
.1.2 of less than 1,000 gross tonnage by automatic start of at least one fire pump
or by remote starting from the navigation bridge of at least one fire pump. If the
pump starts automatically or if the bottom valve cannot be opened from where the pump
is remotely started, the bottom valve shall always be kept open; and
-
.1.3 if fitted with periodically unattended machinery spaces in accordance with Regulation
II-1/54, the Administration shall determine provisions for fixed water fire-extinguishing
arrangement for such spaces equivalent to those required for normally attended machinery
spaces;
-
.2 in cargo ships:
-
.2.1 to the satisfaction of the Administration; and
-
.2.2 with a periodically unattended machinery space or when only one person is required
on watch, there shall be immediate water delivery from the fire main system at a suitable
pressure, either by remote starting of one of the main fire pumps with remote starting
from the navigating bridge and fire control station, if any, or permanent pressurization
of the fire main system by one of the main fire pumps, except that the Administration
may waive this requirement for cargo ships of less than 1,600 gross tonnage if the
fire pump starting arrangement in the machinery space is in an easily accessible position.
2.1.3 Diameter of fire mains
The diameter of the fire main and water service pipes shall be sufficient for the
effective distribution of the maximum required discharge from two fire pumps operating
simultaneously, except that in the case of cargo ships the diameter need only be sufficient
for the discharge of 140 m3/h.
2.1.4 Isolating valves and relief valves
2.1.4.1 Isolating valves to separate the section of the fire main within the machinery
space containing the main fire pump or pumps from the rest of the fire main shall
be fitted in an easily accessible and tenable position outside the machinery spaces.
The fire main shall be so arranged that when the isolating valves are shut all the
hydrants on the ship, except those in the machinery space referred to above, can be
supplied with water by another fire pump or an emergency fire pump. The emergency
fire pump, its seawater inlet, and suction and delivery pipes and isolating valves
shall be located outside the machinery space. If this arrangement cannot be made,
the sea-chest may be fitted in the machinery space if the valve is remotely controlled
from a position in the same compartment as the emergency fire pump and the suction
pipe is as short as practicable. Short lengths of suction or discharge piping may
penetrate the machinery space, provided they are enclosed in a substantial steel casing,
or are insulated to A-60 class standards. The pipes shall have substantial wall thickness,
but in no case less than 11 mm, and shall be welded except for the flanged connection
to the sea inlet valve.
2.1.4.2 A valve shall be fitted to serve each fire hydrant so that any fire hose may
be removed while the fire pumps are in operation.
2.1.4.3 Relief valves shall be provided in conjunction with fire pumps if the pumps
are capable of developing a pressure exceeding the design pressure of the water service
pipes, hydrants and hoses. These valves shall be so placed and adjusted as to prevent
excessive pressure in any part of the fire main system.
2.1.4.4 In tankers, isolation valves shall be fitted in the fire main at poop front
in a protected position and on the tank deck at intervals of not more than 40 m to
preserve the integrity of the fire main system in case of fire or explosion.
2.1.5 Number and position of hydrants
2.1.5.1 The number and position of hydrants shall be such that at least two jets of
water not emanating from the same hydrant, one of which shall be from a single length
of hose, may reach any part of the ship normally accessible to the passengers or crew
while the ship is being navigated and any part of any cargo space when empty, any
ro-ro space or any vehicle space in which latter case the two jets shall reach any
part of the space, each from a single length of hose. Furthermore, such hydrants shall
be positioned near the accesses to the protected spaces.
2.1.5.2 In addition to the requirements in the paragraph 2.1.5.1, passenger ships
shall comply with the following:
-
.1 in the accommodation, service and machinery spaces the number and position of hydrants
shall be such that the requirements of paragraph 2.1.5.1 may be complied with when
all watertight doors and all doors in main vertical zone bulkheads are closed; and
-
.2 where access is provided to a machinery space of category A at a low level from
an adjacent shaft tunnel, two hydrants shall be provided external to, but near the
entrance to that machinery space. Where such access is provided from other spaces,
in one of those spaces two hydrants shall be provided near the entrance to the machinery
space of category A. Such provision need not be made where the tunnel or adjacent
spaces are not part of the escape route.
2.1.6 Pressure at hydrants
With the two pumps simultaneously delivering water through the nozzles specified in
paragraph 2.3.3, with the quantity of water as specified in paragraph 2.1.3, through
any adjacent hydrants, the following minimum pressures shall be maintained at all
hydrants:
2.1.7 International shore connection
2.1.7.1 Ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with at least one
international shore connection complying with the Fire Safety Systems Code.
2.1.7.2 Facilities shall be available enabling such a connection to be used on either
side of the ship.
2.2 Fire pumps
2.2.1 Pumps accepted as fire pumps
Sanitary, ballast, bilge or general service pumps may be accepted as fire pumps, provided
that they are not normally used for pumping oil and that if they are subject to occasional
duty for the transfer or pumping of oil fuel, suitable change-over arrangements are
fitted.
2.2.2 Number of fire pumps
Ships shall be provided with independently driven fire pumps as follows:
2.2.3 Arrangement of fire pumps and fire mains
2.2.3.1 Fire pumps
The arrangement of sea connections, fire pumps and their sources of power shall be
as to ensure that:
-
.1 in passenger ships of 1,000 gross tonnage and upwards, in the event of a fire in
any one compartment all the fire pumps will not be put out of action; and
-
.2 in passenger ships of less than 1,000 gross tonnage and in cargo ships, if a fire
in any one compartment could put all the pumps out of action, there shall be an alternative
means consisting of an emergency fire pump complying with the provisions of the Fire
Safety Systems Code with its source of power and sea connection located outside the
space where the main fire pumps or their sources of power are located.
2.2.3.2 Requirements for the space containing the emergency fire pump
2.2.3.2.1 Location of the space
The space containing the fire pump shall not be contiguous to the boundaries of machinery
spaces of category A or those spaces containing main fire pumps. Where this is not
practicable, the common bulkhead between the two spaces shall be insulated to a standard
of structural fire protection equivalent to that required for a control station
2.2.3.2.2 Access to the emergency fire pump
No direct access shall be permitted between the machinery space and the space containing
the emergency fire pump and its source of power. When this is impracticable, the Administration
may accept an arrangement where the access is by means of an airlock with the door
of the machinery space being of A-60 class standard, and the other door being at least
steel, both reasonably gastight, self-closing and without any hold back arrangements.
Alternatively, the access may be through a watertight door capable of being operated
from a space remote from the machinery space and the space containing the emergency
fire pump and unlikely to be cut off in the event of fire in those spaces. In such
cases, a second means of access to the space containing the emergency fire pump and
its source of power shall be provided.
2.2.3.2.3 Ventilation of the emergency fire pump space
Ventilation arrangements to the space containing the independent source of power for
the emergency fire pump shall be such as to preclude, as far as practicable, the possibility
of smoke from a machinery space fire entering or being drawn into that space.
2.2.3.3 Additional pumps for cargo ships
In addition, in cargo ships where other pumps, such as general service, bilge and
ballast, etc., are fitted in a machinery space, arrangements shall be made to ensure
that at least one of these pumps, having the capacity and pressure required by paragraphs
2.1.6.2 and 2.2.4.2, is capable of providing water to the fire main.
2.2.4 Capacity of fire pumps
2.2.4.1 Total capacity of required fire pumps
The required fire pumps shall be capable of delivering for fire-fighting purposes
a quantity of water, at the pressure specified in paragraph 2.1.6, as follows:
-
.1 pumps in passenger ships, the quantity of water is not less than two thirds of
the quantity required to be dealt with by the bilge pumps when employed for bilge
pumping; and
-
.2 pumps in cargo ships, other than any emergency pump, the quantity of water is not
less than four thirds of the quantity required under regulation II-1/21 to be dealt
with by each of the independent bilge pumps in a passenger ship of the same dimension
when employed in bilge pumping, provided that in no cargo ship need the total required
capacity of the fire pumps exceed 180 m3/h.
2.2.4.2 Capacity of each fire pump
Each of the required fire pumps (other than any emergency pump required in paragraph
2.2.3.1.2 for cargo ships) shall have a capacity not less than 80% of the total required
capacity divided by the minimum number of required fire pumps but in any case not
less than 25 m3/h and each such pump shall in any event be capable of delivering at least the two
required jets of water. These fire pumps shall be capable of supplying the fire main
system under the required conditions. Where more pumps than the minimum of required
pumps are installed such additional pumps shall have a capacity of at least 25 m3/h and shall be capable of delivering at least the two jets of water required in paragraph
2.1.5.1.
2.3 Fire hoses and nozzles
2.3.1 General specifications
2.3.1.1 Fire hoses shall be of non-perishable material approved by the Administration
and shall be sufficient in length to project a jet of water to any of the spaces in
which they may be required to be used. Each hose shall be provided with a nozzle and
the necessary couplings. Hoses specified in this chapter as ``fire hoses" shall, together
with any necessary fittings and tools, be kept ready for use in conspicuous positions
near the water service hydrants or connections. Additionally, in interior locations
in passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers fire hoses shall be connected
to the hydrants at all times. Fire hoses shall have a length of at least 10 m, but
not more than:
-
.1 15 m in machinery spaces;
-
.2 20 m in other spaces and open decks; and
-
.3 25 m for open decks on ships with a maximum breadth in excess of 30 m.
2.3.1.2 Unless one hose and nozzle is provided for each hydrant in the ship, there
shall be complete interchangeability of hose couplings and nozzles.
2.3.2 Number and diameter of fire hoses
2.3.2.1 Ships shall be provided with fire hoses the number and diameter of which shall
be to the satisfaction of the Administration.
2.3.2.2 In passenger ships, there shall be at least one fire hose for each of the
hydrants required by paragraph 2.1.5 and these hoses shall be used only for the purposes
of extinguishing fires or testing the fire-extinguishing apparatus at fire drills
and surveys.
2.3.2.3 In cargo ships:
-
.1 of 1,000 gross tonnage and upwards, the number of fire hoses to be provided shall
be one for each 30 m length of the ship and one spare but in no case less than five
in all. This number does not include any hoses required in any engine or boiler room.
The Administration may increase the number of hoses required so as to ensure that
hoses in sufficient number are available and accessible at all times, having regard
to the type of ship and the nature of trade in which the ship is employed. Ships carrying
dangerous goods in accordance with regulation 19 shall be provided with 3 hoses and
nozzles, in addition to those required above; and
-
.2 of less than 1,000 gross tonnage, the number of fire hoses to be provided shall
be calculated in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 2.3.2.3.1. However, the
number of hoses shall in no case be less than three.
2.3.3 Size and types of nozzles
2.3.3.1 For the purposes of this chapter, standard nozzle sizes shall be 12 mm, 16
mm and 19 mm or as near thereto as possible. Larger diameter nozzles may be permitted
at the discretion of the Administration.
2.3.3.2 For accommodation and service spaces, a nozzle size greater than 12 mm need
not be used.
2.3.3.3 For machinery spaces and exterior locations, the nozzle size shall be such
as to obtain the maximum discharge possible from two jets at the pressure mentioned
in paragraph 2.1.6 from the smallest pump, provided that a nozzle size greater than
19 mm need not be used.
2.3.3.4 Nozzles shall be of an approved dual-purpose type (i.e., spray/jet type) incorporating
a shutoff.
3 Portable fire extinguishers
3.1 Type and design Portable fire extinguishers shall comply with the requirements
of the Fire Safety Systems Code.
3.2 Arrangement of fire extinguishers
3.2.1 Accommodation spaces, service spaces and control stations shall be provided
with portable fire extinguishers of appropriate types and in sufficient number to
the satisfaction of the Administration. Ships of 1,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall
carry at least five portable fire extinguishers.
3.2.2 One of the portable fire extinguishers intended for use in any space shall be
stowed near the entrance to that space.
3.2.3 Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers shall not be placed in accommodation spaces.
In control stations and other spaces containing electrical or electronic equipment
or appliances necessary for the safety of the ship, fire extinguishers should be provided
whose extinguishing media are neither electrically conductive nor harmful to the equipment
and appliances.
3.2.4 Fire extinguishers shall be situated ready for use at easily visible places,
which can be reached quickly and easily at any time in the event of a fire, and in
such a way that their serviceability is not impaired by the weather, vibration or
other external factors. Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided with devices
which indicate whether they have been used.
3.3 Spare charges
3.3.1 Spare charges shall be provided for 100% of the first 10 extinguishers and 50%
of the remaining fire extinguishers capable of being recharged on board. Not more
than 60 total spare charges are required. Instructions for recharging shall be carried
on board.
3.3.2 For fire extinguishers which cannot be recharged onboard, additional portable
fire extinguishers of the same quantity, type, capacity and number as determined in
paragraph 3.3.1 above shall be provided in lieu of spare charges.
4 Fixed fire-extinguishing systems
4.1 Types of fixed fire-extinguishing systems
4.1.1 A fixed fire-extinguishing system required by paragraph 5 below may be any of
the following systems:
-
.1 a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system complying with the provisions of the Fire
Safety Systems Code;
-
.2 a fixed high-expansion foam fire-extinguishing system complying with the provisions
of the Fire Safety Systems Code; and
-
.3 a fixed pressure water-spraying fire-extinguishing system complying with the provisions
of the Fire Safety Systems Code.
4.1.2 Where a fixed fire-extinguishing system not required by this chapter is installed,
it shall meet the requirements of the relevant regulations of this chapter and the
Fire Safety Systems Code.
4.1.3 Fire-extinguishing systems using Halon 1211, 1301, and 2402 and perfluorocarbons
shall be prohibited.
4.1.4 In general, the Administration shall not permit the use of steam as a fire-extinguishing
medium in fixed fire-extinguishing systems. Where the use of steam is permitted by
the Administration, it shall be used only in restricted areas as an addition to the
required fire-extinguishing system and shall comply with the requirements of the Fire
Safety System Code.
4.2 Closing appliances for fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems
Where a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system is used, openings which may admit air
to, or allow gas to escape from, a protected space shall be capable of being closed
from outside the protected space.
4.3 Storage rooms of fire-extinguishing medium
When the fire-extinguishing medium is stored outside a protected space, it shall be
stored in a room which is located behind the forward collision bulkhead, and is used
for no other purposes. Any entrance to such a storage room shall preferably be from
the open deck and shall be independent of the protected space. If the storage space
is located below deck, it shall be located no more than one deck below the open deck
and shall be directly accessible by a stairway or ladder from the open deck. Spaces
which are located below deck or spaces where access from the open deck is not provided,
shall be fitted with a mechanical ventilation system designed to take exhaust air
from the bottom of the space and shall be sized to provide at least 6 air changes
per hour. Access doors shall open outwards, and bulkheads and decks including doors
and other means of closing any opening therein, which form the boundaries between
such rooms and adjacent enclosed spaces shall be gastight. For the purpose of the
application of tables 9.1 to 9.8, such storage rooms shall be treated as fire control
stations.
4.4 Water pumps for other fire-extinguishing systems
Pumps, other than those serving the fire main, required for the provision of water
for fire-extinguishing systems required by this chapter, their sources of power and
their controls shall be installed outside the space or spaces protected by such systems
and shall be so arranged that a fire in the space or spaces protected will not put
any such system out of action.
5 Fire-extinguishing arrangements in machinery spaces
5.1 Machinery spaces containing oil-fired boilers or oil fuel units
5.1.1 Fixed fire-extinguishing systems
Machinery spaces of category A containing oil-fired boilers or oil fuel units shall
be provided with any one of the fixed fire-extinguishing systems in paragraph 4.1.
In each case, if the engine and boiler rooms are not entirely separate, or if fuel
oil can drain from the boiler room into the engine-room, the combined engine and boiler
rooms shall be considered as one compartment.
5.1.2 Additional fire-extinguishing arrangements
5.1.2.1 There shall be in each boiler room or at an entrance outside of the boiler
room at least one portable foam applicator unit complying with the provisions of the
Fire Safety Systems Code.
5.1.2.2 There shall be at least two portable foam extinguishers or equivalent in each
firing space in each boiler room and in each space in which a part of the oil fuel
installation is situated. There shall be not less than one approved foam-type extinguisher
of at least 135 l capacity or equivalent in each boiler room. These extinguishers
shall be provided with hoses on reels suitable for reaching any part of the boiler
room. In the case of domestic boilers of less than 175 kW an approved foam-type extinguisher
of at least 135 l capacity is not required.
5.1.2.3 In each firing space there shall be a receptacle containing at least 0.1 m3 sand, sawdust impregnated with soda, or other approved dry material, along with a
suitable shovel for spreading the material. An approved portable extinguisher may
be substituted as an alternative.
5.2 Machinery spaces containing internal combustion machinery
5.2.1 Fixed fire-extinguishing systems
Machinery spaces of category A containing internal combustion machinery shall be provided
with one of the fixed fire-extinguishing systems in paragraph 4.1.
5.2.2 Additional fire-extinguishing arrangements
5.2.2.1 There shall be at least one portable foam applicator unit complying with the
provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code.
5.2.2.2 There shall be in each such space approved foam-type fire extinguishers, each
of at least 45 l capacity or equivalent, sufficient in number to enable foam or its
equivalent to be directed on to any part of the fuel and lubricating oil pressure
systems, gearing and other fire hazards. In addition, there shall be provided a sufficient
number of portable foam extinguishers or equivalent which shall be so located that
no point in the space is more than 10 m walking distance from an extinguisher and
that there are at least two such extinguishers in each such space. For smaller spaces
of cargo ships the Administration may consider relaxing this requirement.
5.3 Machinery spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines
5.3.1 Fixed fire-extinguishing systems
In spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steam engines used for main propulsion
or other purposes having in the aggregate a total output of not less than 375 kW,
one of the fire-extinguishing systems specified in paragraph 4.1 shall be provided
if such spaces are periodically unattended.
5.3.2 Additional fire-extinguishing arrangements
5.3.2.1 There shall be approved foam fire-extinguishers each of at least 45 l capacity
or equivalent sufficient in number to enable foam or its equivalent to be directed
on to any part of the pressure lubrication system, on to any part of the casings enclosing
pressure lubricated parts of the turbines, engines or associated gearing, and any
other fire hazards. However, such extinguishers shall not be required if protection,
at least equivalent to that required by this subparagraph, is provided in such spaces
by a fixed fire-extinguishing system fitted in compliance with paragraph 4.1.
5.3.2.2 There shall be a sufficient number of portable foam extinguishers or equivalent
which shall be so located that no point in the space is more than 10 m walking distance
from an extinguisher and that there are at least two such extinguishers in each such
space, except that such extinguishers shall not be required in addition to any provided
in compliance with paragraph 5.1.2.2.
5.4 Other machinery spaces
Where, in the opinion of the Administration, a fire hazard exists in any machinery
space for which no specific provisions for fire-extinguishing appliances are prescribed
in paragraphs 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3, there shall be provided in, or adjacent to, that space
such a number of approved portable fire extinguishers or other means of fire extinction
as the Administration may deem sufficient.
5.5 Additional requirements for passenger ships In passenger ships carrying more than
36 passengers, each machinery space of category A shall be provided with at least
two suitable water fog applicators.
5.6 Fixed local application fire-fighting systems
5.6.1 Paragraph 5.6 shall apply to passenger ships of 500 gross tonnage and above
and cargo ships of 2000 gross tonnage and above.
5.6.2 Machinery spaces of category A above 500 m3 in volume shall, in addition to the fixed fire-extinguishing system required in paragraph
5.1.1, be protected by an approved type of fixed water-based or equivalent local application
fire-fighting system, based on the guidelines developed by the Organization. In the
case of periodically unattended machinery spaces, the fire fighting system shall have
both automatic and manual release capabilities. In the case of continuously manned
machinery spaces, the fire-fighting system is only required to have a manual release
capability.
5.6.3 Fixed local application fire-fighting systems are to protect areas such as the
following without the necessity of engine shutdown, personnel evacuation, or sealing
of the spaces:
-
.1 the fire hazard portions of internal combustion machinery used for the ship's main
propulsion and power generation;
-
.2 boiler fronts;
-
.3 the fire hazard portions of incinerators; and
-
.4 purifiers for heated fuel oil.
5.6.4 Activation of any local application system shall give a visual and distinct
audible alarm in the protected space and at continuously manned stations. The alarm
shall indicate the specific system activated. The system alarm requirements described
within this paragraph are in addition to, and not a substitute for, the detection
and fire alarm system required elsewhere in this chapter.
6 Fire-extinguishing arrangements in control stations, accommodation and service spaces
6.1 Sprinkler systems in passenger ships
6.1.1 Passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers shall be equipped with an automatic
sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm system of an approved type complying with
the requirements of the Fire Safety Systems Code in all control stations, accommodation
and service spaces, including corridors and stairways. Alternatively, control stations,
where water may cause damage to essential equipment, may be fitted with an approved
fixed fire-extinguishing system of another type. Spaces having little or no fire risk
such as voids, public toilets, carbon dioxide rooms and similar spaces need not be
fitted with an automatic sprinkler system.
6.1.2 In passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers, when a fixed smoke
detection and fire alarm system complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems
Code is provided only in corridors, stairways and escape routes within accommodation
spaces, an automatic sprinkler system shall be installed in accordance with regulation
7.5.3.2.
6.2 Sprinkler systems for cargo ships
In cargo ships in which method IIC specified in regulation 9.2.3.1.1.2 is adopted,
an automatic sprinkler, fire detection and fire alarm system shall be fitted in accordance
with the requirements in regulation 7.5.5.2.
6.3 Spaces containing flammable liquid
6.3.1 Paint lockers shall be protected by:
-
.1 a carbon dioxide system, designed to give a minimum volume of free gas equal to
40% of the gross volume of the protected space;
-
.2 a dry powder system, designed for at least 0.5 kg powder/m3;
-
.3 a water spraying or sprinkler system, designed for 5 l/m2 min. Water spraying systems may be connected to the fire main of the ship; or
-
.4 a system providing equivalent protection, as determined by the Administration.
In all cases, the system shall be operable from outside the protected space.
6.3.2 Flammable liquid lockers shall be protected by an appropriate fire-extinguishing
arrangement approved by the Administration.
6.3.3 For lockers of a deck area of less than 4 m2, which do not give access to accommodation spaces, a carbon dioxide portable fire
extinguisher sized to provide a minimum volume of free gas equal to 40% of the gross
volume of the space may be accepted in lieu of a fixed system. A discharge port shall
be arranged in the locker to allow the discharge of the extinguisher without having
to enter into the protected space. The required portable fire extinguisher shall be
stowed adjacent to the port. Alternatively, a port or hose connection may be provided
to facilitate the use of fire main water.
6.4 Deep-fat cooking equipment
Deep-fat cooking equipment shall be fitted with the following:
-
.1 an automatic or manual fire-extinguishing system tested to an international standard
acceptable to the Organization;
-
.2 a primary and backup thermostat with an alarm to alert the operator in the event
of failure of either thermostat;
-
.3 arrangements for automatically shutting off the electrical power upon activation
of the fire-extinguishing system;
-
.4 an alarm for indicating operation of the fire-extinguishing system in the galley
where the equipment is installed; and
-
.5 controls for manual operation of the fire-extinguishing system which are clearly
labelled for ready use by the crew.
7 Fire-extinguishing arrangements in cargo spaces
7.1 Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems for general cargo
7.1.1 Except as provided for in paragraph 7.2, the cargo spaces of passenger ships
of
1,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall be protected by a fixed carbon dioxide or inert
gas fire-extinguishing system complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems
Code or by a fixed high-expansion foam fire-extinguishing system which gives equivalent
protection.
7.1.2 Where it is shown to the satisfaction of the Administration that a passenger
ship is engaged on voyages of such short duration that it would be unreasonable to
apply the requirements of paragraph 7.1.1 and also in ships of less than 1,000 gross
tonnage, the arrangements in cargo spaces shall be to the satisfaction of the Administration,
provided that the ship is fitted with steel hatch covers and effective means of closing
all ventilators and other openings leading to the cargo spaces.
7.1.3 Except for ro-ro and vehicle spaces, cargo spaces on cargo ships of 2,000 gross
tonnage and upwards shall be protected by a fixed carbon dioxide or inert gas fire-extinguishing
system complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code, or by a fire-extinguishing
system which gives equivalent protection.
7.1.4 The Administration may exempt from the requirements of paragraphs 7.1.3 and
7.2, cargo spaces of any cargo ship if constructed, and solely intended for, the carriage
of ore, coal, grain, unseasoned timber, non-combustible cargoes or cargoes which,
in the opinion of the Administration, constitute a low fire risk. Such exemptions
may be granted only if the ship is fitted with steel hatch covers and effective means
of closing ventilators and other openings leading to the cargo spaces. When such exemptions
are granted, the Administration shall issue an Exemption Certificate, irrespective
of the date of construction of the ship concerned, in accordance with regulation I/12(a)(vi),
and shall ensure that the list of cargoes the ship is permitted to carry is attached
to the Exemption Certificate.
7.2 Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems for dangerous goods
A ship engaged in the carriage of dangerous goods in any cargo spaces shall be provided
with a fixed carbon dioxide or inert gas fire-extinguishing system complying with
the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code or with a fire-extinguishing system
which, in the opinion of the Administration, gives equivalent protection for the cargoes
carried.
8 Cargo tank protection
8.1 Fixed deck foam fire-extinguishing systems
8.1.1 For tankers of 20,000 tonnes deadweight and upwards, a fixed deck foam fire-extinguishing
system shall be provided complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety Systems
Code, except that, in lieu of the above, the Administration, after having given consideration
to the ship's arrangement and equipment, may accept other fixed installations if they
afford protection equivalent to the above, in accordance with regulation I/5. The
requirements for alternative fixed installations shall comply with the requirements
in paragraph 8.1.2.
8.1.2 In accordance with paragraph 8.1.1, where the Administration accepts an equivalent
fixed installation in lieu of the fixed deck foam fire-extinguishing system, the installation
shall:
8.1.3 Tankers of less than 20,000 tonnes deadweight shall be provided with a deck
foam fire-extinguishing system complying with the requirements of the Fire Safety
Systems Code.
9 Protection of cargo pump-rooms in tankers
9.1 Fixed fire-extinguishing systems
Each cargo pump-room shall be provided with one of the following fixed fire-extinguishing
systems operated from a readily accessible position outside the pump-room. Cargo pump-rooms
shall be provided with a system suitable for machinery spaces of category A.
9.1.1 A carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing system complying with the provisions of
the Fire Safety Systems Code and with the following:
-
.1 the alarms giving audible warning of the release of fire-extinguishing medium shall
be safe for use in a flammable cargo vapour/air mixture; and
-
.2 a notice shall be exhibited at the controls stating that due to the electrostatic
ignition hazard, the system is to be used only for fire extinguishing and not for
inerting purposes.
9.1.2 A high-expansion foam fire-extinguishing system complying with the provisions
of the Fire Safety Systems Code, provided that the foam concentrate supply is suitable
for extinguishing fires involving the cargoes carried.
9.1.3 A fixed pressure water-spraying fire-extinguishing system complying with the
provisions of the Fire Safety Systems Code.
9.2 Quantity of fire-extinguishing medium
Where the fire-extinguishing medium used in the cargo pump-room system is also used
in systems serving other spaces, the quantity of medium provided or its delivery rate
need not be more than the maximum required for the largest compartment.
10 Fire-fighter's outfits
10.1 Types of fire-fighter's outfits
Fire-fighter's outfits shall comply with the Fire Safety Systems Code.
10.2 Number of fire-fighter's outfits
10.2.1 Ships shall carry at least two fire-fighter's outfits.
10.2.2 In addition, in passenger ships there shall be provided:
-
.1 for every 80 m, or part thereof, of the aggregate of the lengths of all passenger
spaces and service spaces on the deck which carries such spaces or, if there is more
than one such deck, on the deck which has the largest aggregate of such lengths, two
fire-fighter's outfits and, in addition, two sets of personal equipment, each set
comprising the items stipulated in the Fire Safety Systems Code. In passenger ships
carrying more than 36 passengers, two additional fire-fighter's outfits shall be provided
for each main vertical zone. However, for stairway enclosures which constitute individual
main vertical zones and for the main vertical zones in the fore or aft end of a ship
which do not contain spaces of categories (6), (7), (8) or (12) defined in regulation
9.2.2.3, no additional fire-fighter's outfits are required; and
-
.2 ships carrying more than 36 passengers, for each pair of breathing apparatus there
shall be provided one water fog applicator which shall be stored adjacent to such
apparatus.
10.2.3 In addition, in tankers, two fire-fighter's outfits shall be provided.
10.2.4 The Administration may require additional sets of personal equipment and breathing
apparatus, having due regard to the size and type of the ship.
10.2.5 Two spare charges shall be provided for each required breathing apparatus.
Passenger ships carrying not more than 36 passengers and cargo ships that are equipped
with suitably located means for fully recharging the air cylinders free from contamination,
need carry only one spare charge for each required apparatus. In passenger ships carrying
more than 36 passengers, at least two spare charges for each breathing apparatus shall
be provided.
10.3 Storage of fire-fighter's outfits
10.3.1 The fire-fighter's outfits or sets of personal equipment shall be kept ready
for use in an easily accessible location that is permanently and clearly marked and,
where more than one fire-fighter's outfit or more than one set of personal equipment
is carried, they shall be stored in widely separated positions.
10.3.2 In passenger ships, at least two fire-fighter's outfits and, in addition, one
set of personal equipment shall be available at any one position. At least two fire-fighter's
outfits shall be stored in each main vertical zone.
Regulation 11. Structural integrity
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to maintain structural integrity of the ship preventing
partial or whole collapse of the ship structures due to strength deterioration by
heat. For this purpose, materials used in the ships' structure shall ensure that the
structural integrity is not degraded due to fire.
2. Material of hull, superstructures, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses
The hull, superstructures, structural bulkheads, decks and deckhouses shall be constructed
of steel or other equivalent material. For the purpose of applying the definition
of steel or other equivalent material as given in regulation 3.43 the “applicable fire exposure” shall be according to the integrity and insulation
standards given in tables 9.1 to 9.4. For example, where divisions such as decks or sides and ends of deckhouses are permitted
to have “B-0” fire integrity, the “applicable fire exposure” shall be half an hour.
3 Structure of aluminium alloy
Unless otherwise specified in paragraph 2, in cases where any part of the structure
is of aluminium alloy, the following shall apply:
-
.1 the insulation of aluminium alloy components of “A” or “B” class divisions, except
structure which, in the opinion of the Administration, is non-load-bearing, shall
be such that the temperature of the structural core does not rise more than 200°C
above the ambient temperature at any time during the applicable fire exposure to the
standard fire test; and
-
.2 special attention shall be given to the insulation of aluminium alloy components
of columns, stanchions and other structural members required to support lifeboat and
liferaft stowage, launching and embarkation areas, and “A” and “B” class divisions
to ensure:
-
.2.1 that for such members supporting lifeboat and liferaft areas and “A” class divisions,
the temperature rise limitation specified in paragraph 3.1 shall apply at the end
of one hour; and
-
.2.2 that for such members required to support “B” class divisions, the temperature
rise limitation specified in paragraph 3.1 shall apply at the end of half an hour.
4 Machinery spaces of category A
-
4.1 Crowns and casings
Crowns and casings of machinery spaces of category A shall be of steel construction
and shall be insulated as required by tables 9.5 and 9.7, as appropriate.
-
4.2 Floor plating
The floor plating of normal passageways in machinery spaces of category A shall be
made of steel.
5 Materials of overboard fittings
Materials readily rendered ineffective by heat shall not be used for overboard scuppers,
sanitary discharges, and other outlets which are close to the waterline and where
the failure of the material in the event of fire would give rise to danger of flooding.
6 Protection of cargo tank structure against pressure or vacuum in tankers
-
6.1 General
The venting arrangements shall be so designed and operated as to ensure that neither
pressure nor vacuum in cargo tanks shall exceed design parameters and be such as to
provide for:
-
.1 the flow of the small volumes of vapour, air or inert gas mixtures caused by thermal
variations in a cargo tank in all cases through pressure/vacuum valves; and
-
.2 the passage of large volumes of vapour, air or inert gas mixtures during cargo
loading and ballasting, or during discharging.
-
6.2 Openings for small flow by thermal variations
Openings for pressure release required by paragraph 6.1.1 shall:
-
.1 have as great a height as is practicable above the cargo tank deck to obtain maximum
dispersal of flammable vapours, but in no case less than 2 m above the cargo tank
deck; and
-
.2 be arranged at the furthest distance practicable but not less than 5 m from the
nearest air intakes and openings to enclosed spaces containing a source of ignition
and from deck machinery and equipment which may constitute an ignition hazard. Anchor
windlass and chain locker openings constitute an ignition hazard.
-
6.3 Safety measures in cargo tanks
-
6.3.1 Preventive measures against liquid rising in the venting system Provisions shall
be made to guard against liquid rising in the venting system to a height which would
exceed the design head of cargo tanks. This shall be accomplished by high-level alarms
or overflow control systems or other equivalent means, together with independent gauging
devices and cargo tank filling procedures. For the purposes of this regulation, spill
valves are not considered equivalent to an overflow system.
-
6.3.2 Secondary means for pressure/vacuum relief
A secondary means of allowing full flow relief of vapour, air or inert gas mixtures
to prevent over-pressure or under-pressure in the event of failure of the arrangements
in paragraph 6.1.2. Alternatively, pressure sensors may be fitted in each tank protected
by the arrangement required in paragraph 6.1.2, with a monitoring system in the ship's
cargo control room or the position from which cargo operations are normally carried
out. Such monitoring equipment shall also provide an alarm facility which is activated
by detection of over-pressure or under-pressure conditions within a tank.
-
6.3.3 Bypasses in vent mains
Pressure/vacuum valves required by paragraph 6.1.1 may be provided with a bypass arrangement
when they are located in a vent main or masthead riser. Where such an arrangement
is provided there shall be suitable indicators to show whether the bypass is open
or closed.
-
6.3.4 Pressure/vacuum-breaking devices
One or more pressure/vacuum-breaking devices shall be provided to prevent the cargo
tanks from being subject to:
-
.1 a positive pressure, in excess of the test pressure of the cargo tank, if the cargo
were to be loaded at the maximum rated capacity and all other outlets are left shut;
and
-
.2 a negative pressure in excess of 700 mm water gauge if cargo were to be discharged
at the maximum rated capacity of the cargo pumps and the inert gas blowers were to
fail.
Such devices shall be installed on the inert gas main unless they are installed in
the venting system required by regulation 4.5.3.1 or on individual cargo tanks. The location and design of the devices shall be in
accordance with regulation 4.5.3 and paragraph 6.
-
6.4 Size of vent outlets
Vent outlets for cargo loading, discharging and ballasting required by paragraph 6.1.2
shall be designed on the basis of the maximum designed loading rate multiplied by
a factor of at least 1.25 to take account of gas evolution, in order to prevent the
pressure in any cargo tank from exceeding the design pressure. The master shall be
provided with information regarding the maximum permissible loading rate for each
cargo tank and in the case of combined venting systems, for each group of cargo tanks.
PART G. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
Regulation 18. Helicopter facilities
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to provide additional measures in order to address
the fire safety objectives of this chapter for ships fitted with special facilities
for helicopters. For this purpose, the following functional requirements shall be
met:
-
.1 helideck structure must be adequate to protect the ship from the fire hazards associated
with helicopter operations;
-
.2 fire fighting appliances shall be provided to adequately protect the ship from
the fire hazards associated with helicopter operations;
-
.3 refuelling and hangar facilities and operations shall provide the necessary measures
to protect the ship from the fire hazards associated with helicopter operations; and
-
.4 operation manuals and training shall be provided.
2. Application
-
2.1 In addition to complying with the requirements of regulations in parts B, C, D and E, as appropriate, ships equipped with helidecks shall comply with the requirements
of this Regulation.
-
2.2 Where helicopters land or conduct winching operations on an occasional or emergency
basis on ships without helidecks, fire-fighting equipment fitted in accordance with
the requirements in Part C may be used. This equipment shall be made readily available in close proximity to
the landing or winching areas during helicopter operations.
-
2.3 Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph 2.2 above, ro-ro passenger ships
without helidecks shall comply with regulation III/28.
3 Structure
-
3.1 Construction of steel or other equivalent material
In general, the construction of the helidecks shall be of steel or other equivalent
materials. If the helideck forms the deckhead of a deckhouse or superstructure, it
shall be insulated to “A-60” class standard.
-
3.2 Construction of aluminium or other low melting point metals
If the Administration permits aluminium or other low melting point metal construction
that is not made equivalent to steel, the following provisions shall be satisfied:
-
.1 if the platform is cantilevered over the side of the ship, after each fire on the
ship or on the platform, the platform shall undergo a structural analysis to determine
its suitability for further use; and
-
.2 if the platform is located above the ship's deckhouse or similar structure, the
following conditions shall be satisfied:
-
.2.1 the deckhouse top and bulkheads under the platform shall have no openings;
-
.2.2 windows under the platform shall be provided with steel shutters; and
-
.2.3 after each fire on the platform or in close proximity, the platform shall undergo
a structural analysis to determine its suitability for further use.
4 Means of escape
A helideck shall be provided with both a main and an emergency means of escape and
access for fire fighting and rescue personnel. These shall be located as far apart
from each other as is practicable and preferably on opposite sides of the helideck.
5 Fire-fighting appliances
6 Drainage facilities
Drainage facilities in way of helidecks shall be constructed of steel and shall lead
directly overboard independent of any other system and shall be designed so that drainage
does not fall onto any part of the ship.
7 Helicopter refuelling and hangar facilities
Where the ship has helicopter refuelling and hangar facilities, the following requirements
shall be complied with:
-
.1 a designated area shall be provided for the storage of fuel tanks which shall be:
-
.1.1 as remote as is practicable from accommodation spaces, escape routes and embarkation
stations; and
-
.1.2 isolated from areas containing a source of vapour ignition;
-
.2 the fuel storage area shall be provided with arrangements whereby fuel spillage
may be collected and drained to a safe location;
-
.3 tanks and associated equipment shall be protected against physical damage and from
a fire in an adjacent space or area;
-
.4 where portable fuel storage tanks are used, special attention shall be given to:
-
.4.1 design of the tank for its intended purpose;
-
.4.2 mounting and securing arrangements;
-
.4.3 electric bonding; and
-
.4.4 inspection procedures;
-
.5 storage tank fuel pumps shall be provided with means which permit shutdown from
a safe remote location in the event of a fire. Where a gravity fuelling system is
installed, equivalent closing arrangements shall be provided to isolate the fuel source;
-
.6 the fuel pumping unit shall be connected to one tank at a time. The piping between
the tank and the pumping unit shall be of steel or equivalent material, as short as
possible, and protected against damage;
-
.7 electrical fuel pumping units and associated control equipment shall be of a type
suitable for the location and potential hazards;
-
.8 fuel pumping units shall incorporate a device which will prevent over-pressurization
of the delivery or filling hose;
-
.9 equipment used in refuelling operations shall be electrically bonded;
-
.10 “NO SMOKING” signs shall be displayed at appropriate locations;
-
.11 hangar, refuelling and maintenance facilities shall be treated as category ‘A’
machinery spaces with regard to structural fire protection, fixed fire-extinguishing
and detection system requirements;
-
.12 enclosed hangar facilities or enclosed spaces containing refuelling installations
shall be provided with mechanical ventilation, as required by Regulation 20.3 for closed ro-ro spaces of cargo ships. Ventilation fans shall be of non-sparking
type; and
-
.13 electric equipment and wiring in enclosed hangar or enclosed spaces containing
refuelling installations shall comply with regulations 20.3.2, 20.3.3 and 20.3.4.
8 Operations manual and fire-fighting service
-
8.1 Each helicopter facility shall have an operations manual, including a description
and a checklist of safety precautions, procedures and equipment requirements. This
manual may be part of the ship's emergency response procedures.
-
8.2 The procedures and precautions to be followed during refuelling operations shall
be in accordance with recognized safe practices and contained in the operations manual.
-
8.3 Fire-fighting personnel consisting of at least two persons trained for rescue
and fire-fighting duties and fire-fighting equipment shall be immediately available
at all times when helicopter operations are expected.
-
8.4 Fire-fighting personnel shall be present during refuelling operations. However,
the fire-fighting personnel shall not be involved with refuelling activities.
-
8.5 On-board refresher training shall be carried out and additional supplies of fire-fighting
media shall be provided for training and testing of the equipment.
Regulation 19. Carriage of dangerous goods
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to provide additional safety measures in order to
address the fire safety objectives of this chapter for ships carrying dangerous goods.
For this purpose, the following functional requirements shall be met:
-
.1 fire protection systems shall be provided to protect the ship from the added fire
hazards associated with carriage of dangerous goods;
-
.2 dangerous goods shall be adequately separated from ignition sources; and
-
.3 appropriate personnel protective equipment shall be provided for the hazards associated
with the carriage of dangerous goods.
2. General requirements
2.1 In addition to complying with the requirements of regulations in parts B, C, D,
E and Regulations 18 and 20 , as appropriate, ship types and cargo spaces, referred
to in paragraph 2.2, intended for the carriage of dangerous goods shall comply with
the requirements of this Regulation, as appropriate, except when carrying dangerous
goods in limited quantities unless such requirements have already been met by compliance
with the requirements elsewhere in this chapter. The types of ships and modes of carriage
of dangerous goods are referred to in paragraph 2.2 and in table 19.1. Cargo ships
of less than 500 gross tonnage shall comply with this regulation, but Administrations
may reduce the requirements and such reduced requirements shall be recorded in the
document of compliance referred to in paragraph 4.
2.2 The following ship types and cargo spaces shall govern the application of tables
19.1 and 19.2:
-
.1 ships and cargo spaces not specifically designed for the carriage of freight containers,
but intended for the carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form including goods
in freight containers and portable tanks;
-
.2 purpose-built container ships and cargo spaces intended for the carriage of dangerous
goods in freight containers and portable tanks;
-
.3 ro-ro ships and ro-ro spaces intended for the carriage of dangerous goods;
-
.4 ships and cargo spaces intended for the carriage of solid dangerous goods in bulk;
and
-
.5 ships and cargo spaces intended for carriage of dangerous goods other than liquids
and gases in bulk in shipborne barges.
3 Special requirements
Unless otherwise specified, the following requirements shall govern the application
of tables 19.1, 19.2 and 19.3 to both “on-deck” and “under-deck” stowage of dangerous
goods where the numbers of the following paragraphs are indicated in the first column
of the tables.
3.1 Water supplies
3.1.1 Arrangements shall be made to ensure immediate availability of a supply of water
from the fire main at the required pressure either by permanent pressurization or
by suitably placed remote arrangements for the fire pumps.
3.1.2 The quantity of water delivered shall be capable of supplying four nozzles of
a size and at pressures as specified in regulation 10.2, capable of being trained
on any part of the cargo space when empty. This amount of water may be applied by
equivalent means to the satisfaction of the Administration.
3.1.3 Means shall be provided for effectively cooling the designated underdeck cargo
space by at least 5 l/min per square metre of the horizontal area of cargo spaces,
either by a fixed arrangement of spraying nozzles or flooding the cargo space with
water. Hoses may be used for this purpose in small cargo spaces and in small areas
of larger cargo spaces at the discretion of the Administration. However, the drainage
and pumping arrangements shall be such as to prevent the build-up of free surfaces.
The drainage system shall be sized to remove no less than 125% of the combined capacity
of both the water spraying system pumps and the required number of fire hose nozzles.
The drainage system valves shall be operable from outside the protected space at a
position in the vicinity of the extinguishing system controls. Bilge wells shall be
of sufficient holding capacity and shall be arranged at the side shell of the ship
at a distance from each other of not more than 40 m in each watertight compartment.
If this is not possible, the adverse effect upon stability of the added weight and
free surface of water shall be taken into account to the extent deemed necessary by
the Administration in its approval of the stability information.
3.1.4 Provision to flood a designated under-deck cargo space with suitable specified
media may be substituted for the requirements in paragraph 3.1.3.
3.1.5 The total required capacity of the water supply shall satisfy paragraphs 3.1.2
and 3.1.3, if applicable, simultaneously calculated for the largest designated cargo
space. The capacity requirements of paragraph 3.1.2 shall be met by the total capacity
of the main fire pump(s) not including the capacity of the emergency fire pump, if
fitted. If a drencher system is used to satisfy paragraph 3.1.3, the drencher pump
shall also be taken into account in this total capacity calculation.
3.2 Sources of ignition
Electrical equipment and wiring shall not be fitted in enclosed cargo spaces or vehicle
spaces unless it is essential for operational purposes in the opinion of the Administration.
However, if electrical equipment is fitted in such spaces, it shall be of a certified
safe type for use in the dangerous environments to which it may be exposed unless
it is possible to completely isolate the electrical system (e.g. by removal of links
in the system, other than fuses). Cable penetrations of the decks and bulkheads shall
be sealed against the passage of gas or vapour. Through runs of cables and cables
within the cargo spaces shall be protected against damage from impact. Any other equipment
which may constitute a source of ignition of flammable vapour shall not be permitted.
3.3 Detection system
Ro-ro spaces shall be fitted with a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system complying
with the requirements of the Fire Safety Systems Code. All other types of cargo spaces
shall be fitted with either a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system or a sample
extraction smoke detection system complying with the requirements of the Fire Safety
Systems Code. If a sample extraction smoke detection system is fitted, particular
attention shall be made to paragraph 2.1.3 in chapter 10 of the Fire Safety Systems
Code in order to prevent the leakage of toxic fumes into occupied areas.
3.4 Ventilation
3.4.1 Adequate power ventilation shall be provided in enclosed cargo spaces. The arrangement
shall be such as to provide for at least six air changes per hour in the cargo space
based on an empty cargo space and for removal of vapours from the upper or lower parts
of the cargo space, as appropriate.
3.4.2 The fans shall be such as to avoid the possibility of ignition of flammable
gas air mixtures. Suitable wire mesh guards shall be fitted over inlet and outlet
ventilation openings.
3.4.3 Natural ventilation shall be provided in enclosed cargo spaces intended for
the carriage of solid dangerous goods in bulk, where there is no provision for mechanical
ventilation.
3.5 Bilge pumping
3.5.1 Where it is intended to carry flammable or toxic liquids in enclosed cargo spaces,
the bilge pumping system shall be designed to protect against inadvertent pumping
of such liquids through machinery space piping or pumps. Where large quantities of
such liquids are carried, consideration shall be given to the provision of additional
means of draining those cargo spaces.
3.5.2 If the bilge drainage system is additional to the system served by pumps in
the machinery space, the capacity of the system shall be not less than 10 m3/h per
cargo space served. If the additional system is common, the capacity need not exceed
25 m3/h. The additional bilge system need not be arranged with redundancy.
3.5.3 Whenever flammable or toxic liquids are carried, the bilge line into the machinery
space shall be isolated either by fitting a blank flange or by a closed lockable valve.
3.5.4 Enclosed spaces outside machinery spaces containing bilge pumps serving cargo
spaces intended for carriage of flammable or toxic liquids should be fitted with separate
mechanical ventilation giving at least 6 air changes per hour. If the space has access
from another enclosed space, the door shall be self-closing.
3.5.5 If bilge drainage of cargo spaces is arranged by gravity drainage, the drainage
shall be either led directly overboard or to a closed drain tank located outside the
machinery spaces. The tank shall be provided with a vent pipe to a safe location on
the open deck. Drainage from a cargo space into bilge wells in a lower space is only
permitted if that space satisfies the same requirements as the cargo space above.
3.6 Personnel protection
3.6.1 Four sets of full protective clothing resistant to chemical attack shall be
provided in addition to the fire-fighter's outfits required by regulation 10.10. The
protective clothing shall cover all skin, so that no part of the body is unprotected.
3.6.2 At least two self-contained breathing apparatuses additional to those required
by Regulation 10 shall be provided. Two spare charges suitable for use with the breathing
apparatus shall be provided for each required apparatus. Passenger ships carrying
not more than 36 passengers and cargo ships that are equipped with suitably located
means for fully recharging the air cylinders free from contamination, need carry only
one spare charge for each required apparatus.
3.7 Portable fire extinguishers
Portable fire extinguishers with a total capacity of at least 12 kg of dry powder
or equivalent shall be provided for the cargo spaces. These extinguishers shall be
in addition to any portable fire extinguishers required elsewhere in this chapter.
3.8 Insulation of machinery space boundaries
Bulkheads forming boundaries between cargo spaces and machinery spaces of category
A shall be insulated to “A-60” class standard, unless the dangerous goods are stowed
at least 3 m horizontally away from such bulkheads. Other boundaries between such
spaces shall be insulated to “A-60” class standard.
3.9 Water spray system
Each open ro-ro space having a deck above it and each space deemed to be a closed
ro-ro space not capable of being sealed, shall be fitted with an approved fixed pressure
water-spraying system for manual operation which shall protect all parts of any deck
and vehicle platform in the space, except that the Administration may permit the use
of any other fixed fire-extinguishing system that has been shown by full-scale test
to be no less effective. However, the drainage and pumping arrangements shall be such
as to prevent the build-up of free surfaces. The drainage system shall be sized to
remove no less than 125% of the combined capacity of both the water spraying system
pumps and the required number of fire hose nozzles. The drainage system valves shall
be operable from outside the protected space at a position in the vicinity of the
extinguishing system controls. Bilge wells shall be of sufficient holding capacity
and shall be arranged at the side shell of the ship at a distance from each other
of not more than 40 m in each watertight compartment. If this is not possible the
adverse effect upon stability of the added weight and free surface of water shall
be taken into account to the extent deemed necessary by the Administration in its
approval of the stability information.
3.10 Separation of ro-ro spaces
3.10.1 In ships having ro-ro spaces, a separation shall be provided between a closed
ro-ro space and an adjacent open ro-ro space. The separation shall be such as to minimize
the passage of dangerous vapours and liquids between such spaces. Alternatively, such
separation need not be provided if the ro-ro space is considered to be a closed cargo
space over its entire length and shall fully comply with the relevant special requirements
of this Regulation.
3.10.2 In ships having ro-ro spaces, a separation shall be provided between a closed
ro-ro space and the adjacent weather deck. The separation shall be such as to minimize
the passage of dangerous vapours and liquids between such spaces. Alternatively, a
separation need not be provided if the arrangements of the closed ro-ro spaces are
in accordance with those required for the dangerous goods carried on adjacent weather
deck.
4 Document of compliance
The Administration shall provide the ship with an appropriate document as evidence
of compliance of construction and equipment with the requirements of this regulation.
Certification for dangerous goods, except solid dangerous goods in bulk, is not required
for those cargoes specified as class 6.2 and 7, as defined in regulation VII/2, and
dangerous goods in limited quantities.
Table 19.1 – Application of the requirements to different modes of carriage of dangerous
goods in ships and cargo spaces
Where X appears in table 19.1 it means this requirement is applicable to all classes
of dangerous goods as given in the appropriate line of table 19.3, except as indicated
by the notes.
Regulation 19.2.2
|
|
.1
|
.2
|
.3
|
.4
|
.5
|
Regulation 19
|
Weather decks .1 to .5 inclusive
|
Not specially designed
|
Container cargo spaces
|
Closed ro-ro spaces5
|
Open ro-ro spaces
|
Solid dangerous goods in bulk
|
Shipborne barges
|
3.1.1
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
For application of requirements of regulation 19 to different classes of dangerous
goods, see table 19.2.
|
X
|
3.1.2
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
3.1.3
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
3.1.4
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
3.1.5
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X4
|
3.3
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
X4
|
3.4.1
|
–
|
X
|
X1
|
X
|
–
|
X4
|
3.4.2
|
–
|
X
|
X1
|
X
|
–
|
X4
|
3.5
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
3.5.1
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
3.6.2
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
3.7
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
|
3.8
|
X
|
X
|
X2
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
3.9
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X3
|
X
|
|
3.10.1
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
3.10.2
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
Notes
1 For classes 4 and 5.1 not applicable to closed freight containers. For classes 2,
3, 6.1 and 8 when carried in closed freight containers the ventilation rate may be
reduced to not less than two air changes. For the purpose of this requirement a portable
tank is a closed freight container.
2 Applicable to decks only.
3 Applies only to closed ro-ro spaces, not capable of being sealed.
4 In the special case where the barges are capable of containing flammable vapours
or alternatively if they are capable of discharging flammable vapours to a safe space
outside the barge carrier compartment by means of ventilation ducts connected to the
barges, these requirements may be reduced or waived to the satisfaction of the Administration.
5 Special category spaces shall be treated as closed ro-ro spaces when dangerous goods
are carried.
Table 19.2 - Application of the requirements to different classes of dangerous goods
for ships and cargo spaces carrying solid dangerous goods in bulk
Class
|
4.1
|
4.2
|
4.36
|
5.1
|
6.1
|
8
|
9
|
Regulation 19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1.1
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
3.1.2
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
3.2
|
X
|
X7
|
X
|
X8
|
–
|
–
|
X8
|
3.4.1
|
–
|
X7
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
3.4.2
|
X9
|
X7
|
X
|
X7,9
|
–
|
–
|
X7,9
|
3.4.3
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
3.6
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
3.8
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X7
|
–
|
–
|
X10
|
Notes:
6 The hazards of substances in this class which may be carried in bulk are such that
special consideration shall be given by the Administration to the construction and
equipment of the ship involved in addition to meeting the requirements enumerated
in this table.
7 Only applicable to Seedcake containing solvent extractions, to Ammonium nitrate and
to Ammonium nitrate fertilizers.
8 Only applicable to Ammonium nitrate and to Ammonium nitrate fertilizers. However,
a degree of protection in accordance with standards contained in the International
Electrotechnical Commission publication 60079, Electrical Apparatus for Explosive
Gas Atmospheres, is sufficient.
9 Only suitable wire mesh guards are required.
10 The requirements of the Code of Safe Practice for Solid bulk Cargoes adopted by resolution
A.434(XI), as amended, are sufficient.
Table 19.3 – Application of the requirements to different classes of dangerous goods
except solid dangerous goods in bulk
Class
|
1.1–1.6
|
1.4S
|
2.1
|
2.2
|
2.3
|
3
3
liquids
≤23°C15
|
3
liquids
>23°C15
≤61°C
|
4.1
|
4.2
|
4.3
|
5.1
|
5.2
|
6.1
liquids
|
6.1
liquids
≤23°C
|
6.1
solids
>23°C
≤61°C
|
6.1
solids
|
8
liquids
|
8
liquids
≤23°C
|
8
liquids
>23°C15
≤61°C
|
8
solids
|
9
|
Regulation 19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.1.1
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
3.1.2
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
3.1.3
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
3.1.4
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
3.2
|
X
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
3.3
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
3.4.1
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
X11
|
X11
|
X
|
X11
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X11
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
X11
|
3.4.2
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
3.5
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
3.6
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X14
|
3.7
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
3.8
|
X12
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X13
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
X
|
X
|
–
|
–
|
3.9
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
3.10.1
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X16
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
3.10.2
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
X
|
Notes
11 When “mechanically-ventilated spaces” are required by the International Maritime
Dangerous Goods Code, as amended.
12 Stow 3 m horizontally away from the machinery space boundaries in all cases.
13 Refer to the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, as amended.
14 As appropriate to the goods to be carried.
15 Refers to flashpoint.
16 Under the provisions of the IMDG Code, as amended, stowage of class 5.2 dangerous
goods under deck or in enclosed ro-ro spaces is prohibited.
Regulation 20. Protection of vehicle, special category and ro-ro spaces
1 Purpose
The purpose of this regulation is to provide additional safety measures in order to
address the fire safety objectives of this chapter for ships fitted with vehicle,
special category and ro-ro spaces. For this purpose, the following functional requirements
shall be met:
-
.1 fire protection systems shall be provided to adequately protect the ship from the
fire hazards associated with vehicle, special category and ro-ro spaces;
-
.2 ignition sources shall be separated from vehicle, special category and ro-ro spaces;
and
-
.3 vehicle, special category and ro-ro spaces shall be adequately ventilated.
2 General requirements
2.1 Application
In addition to complying with the requirements of regulations in parts B, C, D and
E, as appropriate, vehicle, special category and ro-ro spaces shall comply with the
requirements of this regulation.
2.2 Basic principles for passenger ships
2.2.1 The basic principle underlying the provisions of this regulation is that the
main vertical zoning required by regulation 9.2 may not be practicable in vehicle
spaces of passenger ships and, therefore, equivalent protection must be obtained in
such spaces on the basis of a horizontal zone concept and by the provision of an efficient
fixed fire-extinguishing system. Based on this concept, a horizontal zone for the
purpose of this regulation may include special category spaces on more than one deck
provided that the total overall clear height for vehicles does not exceed 10 m.
2.2.2 The basic principle underlying the provisions of paragraph 2.2.1 are also applicable
to ro-ro spaces.
2.2.3 The requirements of ventilation systems, openings in “A” class divisions and
penetrations in “A” class divisions for maintaining the integrity of vertical zones
in this chapter shall be applied equally to decks and bulkheads forming the boundaries
separating horizontal zones from each other and from the remainder of the ship.
3 Precaution against ignition of flammable vapours in closed vehicle spaces, closed
ro-ro spaces and special category spaces
3.1 Ventilation systems
3.1.1 Capacity of ventilation systems
There shall be provided an effective power ventilation system sufficient to give at
least the following air changes:
-
.1 Passenger ships
Special category spaces
|
10 air changes per hour
|
Closed ro-ro and vehicle spaces other than special category spaces for ships carrying
more than 36 passengers
|
10 air changes per hour
|
Closed ro-ro and vehicle spaces other than special category spaces for ships carrying
not more than 36 passengers
|
6 air changes per hour
|
-
.2
Cargo ships
|
6 air changes per hour
|
The Administration may require an increased number of air changes when vehicles are
being loaded and unloaded.
3.1.2 Performance of ventilation systems
3.1.2.1 In passenger ships, the power ventilation system required in paragraph 3.1.1
shall be separate from other ventilation systems and shall be in operation at all
times when vehicles are in such spaces. Ventilation ducts serving such cargo spaces
capable of being effectively sealed shall be separated for each such space. The system
shall be capable of being controlled from a position outside such spaces.
3.1.2.2 In cargo ships, ventilation fans shall normally be run continuously whenever
vehicles are on board. Where this is impracticable, they shall be operated for a limited
period daily as weather permits and in any case for a reasonable period prior to discharge,
after which period the ro-ro or vehicle space shall be proved gas-free. One or more
portable combustible gas detecting instruments shall be carried for this purpose.
The system shall be entirely separate from other ventilating systems. Ventilation
ducts serving ro-ro or vehicle spaces shall be capable of being effectively sealed
for each cargo space. The system shall be capable of being controlled from a position
outside such spaces.
3.1.2.3 The ventilation system shall be such as to prevent air stratification and
the formation of air pockets.
3.1.3 Indication of ventilation systems
Means shall be provided on the navigation bridge to indicate any loss of the required
ventilating capacity.
3.1.4 Closing appliances and ducts
3.1.4.1 Arrangements shall be provided to permit a rapid shutdown and effective closure
of the ventilation system from outside of the space in case of fire, taking into account
the weather and sea conditions.
3.1.4.2 Ventilation ducts, including dampers, within a common horizontal zone shall
be made of steel. In passenger ships, ventilation ducts that pass through other horizontal
zones or machinery spaces shall be “A-60” class steel ducts constructed in accordance
with Regulations 9.7.2.1.1 and 9.7.2.1.2.
3.1.5 Permanent openings
Permanent openings in the side plating, the ends or deckhead of the space shall be
so situated that a fire in the cargo space does not endanger stowage areas and embarkation
stations for survival craft and accom-modation spaces, service spaces and control
stations in superstructures and deckhouses above the cargo spaces.
3.2 Electrical equipment and wiring
3.2.1 Except as provided in paragraph 3.2.2, electrical equipment and wiring shall
be of a type suitable for use in an explosive petrol and air mixture.
3.2.2 In case of other than special category spaces below the bulkhead deck, notwithstanding
the provisions in paragraph 3.2.1, above a height of 450 mm from the deck and from
each platform for vehicles, if fitted, except platforms with openings of sufficient
size permitting penetration of petrol gases downwards, electrical equipment of a type
so enclosed and protected as to prevent the escape of sparks shall be permitted as
an alternative on condition that the ventilation system is so designed and operated
as to provide continuous ventilation of the cargo spaces at the rate of at least ten
air changes per hour whenever vehicles are on board.
3.3 Electrical equipment and wiring in exhaust ventilation ducts
Electrical equipment and wiring, if installed in an exhaust ventilation duct, shall
be of a type approved for use in explosive petrol and air mixtures and the outlet
from any exhaust duct shall be sited in a safe position, having regard to other possible
sources of ignition.
3.4 Other ignition sources
Other equipment which may constitute a source of ignition of flammable vapours shall
not be permitted.
3.5 Scuppers and discharges
Scuppers shall not be led to machinery or other spaces where sources of ignition may
be present.
4 Detection and alarm
4.1 Fixed fire detection and fire alarm systems
Except as provided in paragraph 4.3.1, there shall be provided a fixed fire detection
and fire alarm system complying with the requirements of the Fire Safety Systems Code.
The fixed fire detection system shall be capable of rapidly detecting the onset of
fire. The type of detectors and their spacing and location shall be to the satisfaction
of the Administration taking into account the effects of ventilation and other relevant
factors. After being installed the system shall be tested under normal ventilation
conditions and shall give an overall response time to the satisfaction of the Administration.
4.2 Sample extraction smoke detection systems
Except open ro-ro spaces, open vehicle spaces and special category spaces, a sample
extraction smoke detection system complying with the requirements of the Fire Safety
Systems Code may be used as an alternative of the fixed fire detection and fire alarm
system required in paragraph 4.1.
4.3 Special category spaces
4.3.1 An efficient fire patrol system shall be maintained in special category spaces.
If an efficient fire patrol system is maintained by a continuous fire watch at all
times during the voyage, a fixed fire detection and fire alarm system is not required.
4.3.2 Manually operated call points shall be spaced so that no part of the space is
more than 20 m from a manually operated call point, and one shall be placed close
to each exit from such spaces.
5 Structural protection
Notwithstanding the provisions of regulation 9.2.2, in passenger ships carrying more
than 36 passengers, the boundary bulkheads and decks of special category spaces and
ro-ro spaces shall be insulated to “A-60” class standard. However, where a category
(5), (9) and (10) space, as defined in regulation 9.2.2.3, is on one side of the division
the standard may be reduced to “A-0”. Where fuel oil tanks are below a special category
space or a ro-ro space, the integrity of the deck between such spaces, may be reduced
to “A-0” standard.
6 Fire-extinction
6.1 Fixed fire-extinguishing systems
6.1.1 Vehicle spaces and ro-ro spaces which are not special category spaces and are
capable of being sealed from a location outside of the cargo spaces shall be fitted
with a fixed gas fire-extinguishing system which shall comply with the provisions
of the Fire Safety Systems Code, except that:
-
.1 if a carbon dioxide fire-extinguishing system is fitted, the quantity of gas available
shall be at least sufficient to give a minimum volume of free gas equal to 45% of
the gross volume of the largest such cargo space which is capable of being sealed,
and the arrangements shall be such as to ensure that at least two thirds of the gas
required for the relevant space shall be introduced within 10 min;
-
.2 any other fixed inert gas fire-extinguishing system or fixed high-expansion foam
fire-extinguishing system may be fitted provided the Administration is satisfied that
an equivalent protection is achieved; and
-
.3 as an alternative, a fire-extinguishing system meeting the requirements of paragraph
6.1.2 may be fitted.
6.1.2 Ro-ro and vehicle spaces not capable of being sealed and special category spaces
shall be fitted with an approved fixed pressure water spraying system for manual operation
which shall protect all parts of any deck and vehicle platform in such spaces. Such
water-spray systems shall have:
-
.1 a pressure gauge on the valve manifold;
-
.2 clear marking on each manifold valve indicating the spaces served;
-
.3 instructions for maintenance and operation located in the valve room; and
-
.4 a sufficient number of drainage valves.
6.1.3 The Administration may permit the use of any other fixed fire-extinguishing
system that has been shown that it is not less effective by a full-scale test in conditions
simulating a flowing petrol fire in a vehicle space or a ro-ro space in controlling
fires likely to occur in such a space.
6.1.4 When fixed pressure water-spraying systems are provided, in view of the serious
loss of stability which could arise due to large quantities of water accumulating
on the deck or decks during the operation of the fixed pressure water-spraying system,
the following arrangements shall be provided:
-
.1 in passenger ships:
-
.1.1 in the spaces above the bulkhead deck, scuppers shall be fitted so as to ensure
that such water is rapidly discharged directly overboard;
-
.1.2.1 in ro-ro passenger ships discharge valves for scuppers, fitted with positive
means of closing operable from a position above the bulkhead deck in accordance with
the requirements of the International Convention on Load Lines in force, shall be
kept open while the ships are at sea;
-
.1.2.2 any operation of valves referred to in paragraph 6.1.4.1.2.1 shall be recorded
in the log-book;
-
.1.3 in the spaces below the bulkhead deck, the Administration may require pumping
and drainage facilities to be provided additional to the requirements of regulation
II-1/21. In such case, the drainage system shall be sized to remove no less than 125%
of the combined capacity of both the water spraying system pumps and the required
number of fire hose nozzles. The drainage system valves shall be operable from outside
the protected space at a position in the vicinity of the extinguishing system controls.
Bilge wells shall be of sufficient holding capacity and shall be arranged at the side
shell of the ship at a distance from each other of not more than 40 m in each watertight
compartment;
-
.2 in cargo ships, the drainage and pumping arrangements shall be such as to prevent
the build-up of free surfaces. In such case, the drainage system shall be sized to
remove no less than 125% of the combined capacity of both the water-spraying system
pumps and the required number of fire hose nozzles. The drainage system valves shall
be operable from outside the protected space at a position in the vicinity of the
extinguishing system controls. Bilge wells shall be of sufficient holding capacity
and shall be arranged at the side shell of the ship at a distance from each other
of not more than 40 m in each watertight compartment. If this is not possible the
adverse effect upon stability of the added weight and free surface of water shall
be taken into account to the extent deemed necessary by the Administration in its
approval of the stability information. Such information shall be included in the stability
information supplied to the master as required by regulation II-1/22.
6.2 Portable fire-extinguishers
6.2.1 Portable fire-extinguishers shall be provided at each deck level in each hold
or compartment where vehicles are carried, spaced not more than 20 m apart on both
sides of the space. At least one portable fire-extinguisher shall be located at each
access to such a cargo space.
6.2.2 In addition to the provision of paragraph 6.2.1, the following fire-extinguishing
appliances shall be provided in vehicle, ro-ro and special category spaces intended
for the carriage of motor vehicles with fuel in their tanks for their own propulsion:
-
.1 at least three water-fog applicators; and
-
.2 one portable foam applicator unit complying with the provisions of the Fire Safety
Systems Code, provided that at least two such units are available in the ship for
use in such spaces.